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Table 1 Kdr 1014F and 1014S frequencies in An.gambiae s.l per round collection and locality

From: Dynamics of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors in Benin: first evidence of the presence of L1014S kdr mutation in Anopheles gambiae from West Africa

Anopheles gambiae s.l

Sites

Periods

N

Leu-Leu

Leu-Phe

Leu-Ser

Phe-Phe

Ser-Ser

F(1014F)

F(1014S)

M Form

Cotonou

October 2008

39

3

5

-

31

-

0.85a

-

  

June 2009

29

-

5

-

24

-

0.91a

-

  

October 2009

28

-

1

-

27

-

0.98b

-

  

June 2010

46

-

9

-

37

-

0.90a

-

 

Tori-Bossito

October 2008

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

  

June 2009

30

-

5

-

25

-

0.91c

-

  

October 2009

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

  

June 2010

31

-

14

-

16

-

0.77d

-

 

Bohicon

October 2008

7

5

1

-

1

-

0.21e

-

  

June 2009

16

-

7

-

9

-

0.78f

-

  

October 2009

7

-

1

-

6

-

0.92fg

-

  

June 2010

15

-

1

-

11

-

0.76f

-

 

Malanville

October 2008

27

20

5

-

2

-

0.16h

-

  

June 2009

26

18

7

-

1

-

0.17h

-

  

October 2009

34

20

8

-

6

-

0.29i

-

  

June 2010

44

12

20

-

12

-

0.50j

-

S Form

Tori-Bossito

October 2008

36

8

12

-

16

-

0.61k

-

  

June 2009

1

-

1

-

-

-

0.50k

-

  

October 2009

24

-

4

-

20

-

0.91l

-

  

June 2010

11

1

5

-

5

-

0.68k

-

 

Bohicon

October 2008

25

3

6

-

16

-

0.76m

-

  

June 2009

15

-

1

-

14

-

0.96n

-

  

October 2009

30

-

3

-

27

-

0.95n

-

  

June 2010

33

-

7

-

26

-

0.89mn

-

 

Malanville

October 2008

7

5

1

-

1

-

0.21

-

  

June 2009

1

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

  

October 2009

1

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

  

June 2010

1

-

-

-

1

-

1.00

-

An. arabiensis

Bohicon

October 2008

7

1

4

-

2

-

0.57

-

  

June 2009

1

-

-

-

1

-

1.0

-

  

October 2009

0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

  

June 2010

2

1

-

-

-

1

0.5

0.50

 

Malanville

October 2008

3

3

-

-

-

-

-

-

  

June 2009

3

3

-

-

-

-

-

-

  

October 2009

1

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

  

June 2010

3

-

1

2

-

-

0.16

0.33

  1. '-' indicates no samples available for this round collection; Leu = Leucine, Phe = Phenylalanine, Ser = Serine. Nota: A further two individuals with the 1014S allele including one homozygote and one heterozygote were respectively detected in Bohicon and Malanville but their species could not be confirmed. The numbers carrying the same letter are not significantly different