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Table 1 Association between participant background characteristics and distance to formal health facility

From: Seasonal and geographic differences in treatment-seeking and household cost of febrile illness among children in Malawi

 

Dry season

Wet season

Background characteristics

≤ 5 km

from

Hospital

(%) n = 269

Hard to

Reach

(%) n = 262

Pa

≤ 5 km

from

Hospital

(%) n = 263

Hard to

Reach

(%) n = 246

Pa

Child Sex

      

Male

131 (49)

123 (47)

 

138 (52)

126 (51)

 

Female

138 (51)

139 (53)

0.57

125 (48)

120 (49)

0.75

Child Age

      

<5 years

176 (65)

160 (61)

 

175 (67)

157 (64)

 

≥5 years

93 (35)

102 (39)

0.12

88 (33)

89 (36)

0.48

Maternal Education

     

None

63 (23)

87 (33)

 

68 (26)

87 (35)

 

Primary

153 (57)

148 (57)

 

159 (60)

145 (59)

 

Secondary +

53 (20)

27 (10)

0.06

36 (14)

14 (6)

0.03

Wealth Quintile

     

1 (Lowest)

29 (11)

76 (29)

 

31 (12)

68 (28)

 

2

41 (15)

66 (25)

 

47 (18)

51 (21)

 

3

41 (15)

65 (25)

 

48 (18)

63 (25)

 

4

68 (25)

38 (15)

 

57 (22)

44 (18)

 

5 (Highest)

90 (34)

17 (6)

<0.01

80 (30)

20 (8)

0.01

Illness Severity b

     

Mild

155 (58)

134 (51)

 

132 (50)

111 (45)

 

Moderate

81 (30)

78 (30)

 

93 (35)

88 (36)

 

Severe

31 (12)

49 (19)

0.11

38 (15)

46 (19)

0.24

  1. aF test for heterogeneity or trend, with adjustment for clustering in survey design
  2. bMissing data - four individuals did not know or remember the severity of the illness