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Table 3 Use of insecticide treated bed nets, by study years

From: Changing individual-level risk factors for malaria with declining transmission in southern Zambia: a cross-sectional study

 

2007

2008

2009

All participants

N = 330

N = 435

N = 716

   Lives in a households with ≥ 1 bed net

135 (40.9)

335 (77.0)

456 (63.7)

1 bed net

92 (27.9)

305 (70.1)

408 (57.0)

2 bed nets

25 (7.6)

25 (5.8)

37 (5.2)

3 bed nets

9 (2.7)

5 (1.2)

8 (1.1)

≥ 4 bed nets

9 (2.7)

0 (0.0)

3 (0.4)

   Reasons for not owning a bed net

N = 195

N = 100

N = 260

Cost

135 (69.2)

72 (72.0)

237 (91.2)

Bed nets not available

44 (22.6)

3 (3.0)

9 (3.5)

No knowledge of where to buy one

3 (1.5)

7 (7.0)

3 (1.2)

Not enough for everyone

2 (1.0)

11 (11.0)

0 (0.0)

Not enough space under the bed net

1 (0.5)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

No mosquitoes around

1 (0.5)

0 (0.0)

2 (0.8)

Frequent changes in sleeping places

1 (0.5)

0 (0.0)

4 (1.5)

Too hot under the bed net

0 (0.0)

1 (1.0)

0 (0.0)

Belief that bed nets do not protect against mosquitoes

0 (0.0)

1 (1.0)

2 (0.8)

Among participants with a bed net

N = 135

N = 335

N = 456

   Sleeps under the bed net

61 (45.2)

189 (56.4)

263 (57.7)

Duration of ownership < 2 years

25 (41.0)

175 (92.6)

207 (78.7)

History of treating bed net

13 (21.3)

49 (25.9)

48 (18.3)

   Reasons for not sleeping under a bed net

N = 74

N = 146

N = 193

No mosquitoes around

51 (68.9)

55 (37.7)

89 (46.1)

Inability to hang the bed net/sleeping outside

3 (4.1)

111 (76.0)

9 (4.7)

Bed net is old/dirty/needs to be re-treated

4 (5.4)

21 (14.4)

25 (13.0)

Frequent changes in sleeping places

8 (10.8)

17 (11.6)

18 (9.3)

Too hot under the bed net

4 (5.4)

37 (25.3)

29 (15.0)

Not enough space under the bed net

5 (6.8)

0 (0.0)

8 (4.2)

Not the rainy season

1 (1.4)

7 (4.8)

0 (0.0)

Bed net is itchy

0 (0.0)

5 (3.4)

0 (0.0)

Belief that bed nets do not protect against mosquitoes

0 (0.0)

7 (4.8)

11 (5.7)