From: Malaria associated symptoms in pregnant women followed-up in Benin
Observed | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis after MICE** | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Malaria infected n (%) | No malaria infected n(%) | p-value | Adjusted OR [95% CI] | p-value | ||
Antenatal visits | ||||||
Fever | No | 374 (94.2) | 3842 (97.0) | 0.003 * | ||
Yes | 23 (5.8) | 118 (3.0) | ||||
Headache | No | 239 (71.1) | 2907 (81.8) | < 0.001 * | 1.9 [1.3-2.6] | < 0.001 * |
Yes | 97 (28.9) | 648 (18.2) | ||||
Nausea | No | 323 (96.1) | 3444 (96.9) | 0.438 | ||
Yes | 13 (3.9) | 110 (3.1) | ||||
IPT | 0 dose | 256 (64.5) | 1434 (36.2) | < 0.001 * | 0.6 [0.5-0.7] | < 0.001 * |
1 dose | 39 (9.8) | 840 (21.2) | ||||
2 doses | 102 (25.7) | 1685 (42.6) | ||||
Rainy season | No | 207 (52.1) | 2150 (54.3) | 0.412 | ||
Yes | 190 (47.9) | 1810 (45.7) | ||||
Bed net use | No | 221 (55.7) | 1450 (36.6) | < 0.001 * | 1.4 [1.1-1.8] | 0.003 * |
Yes | 176 (44.3) | 2510 (63.4) | ||||
Unscheduled visits | ||||||
Fever | No | 66 (50.8) | 616 (88.5) | < 0.001 * | 5.2 [3.2-8.1] | < 0.001 * |
Yes | 64 (49.2) | 80 (11.5) | ||||
Headache | No | 24 (18.5) | 352 (50.7) | < 0.001 * | 2.1 [1.3-3.6] | 0.004 * |
Yes | 106 (81.5) | 342 (49.3) | ||||
Nausea | No | 109 (83.9) | 605 (87.1) | 0.326 | ||
Yes | 21 (16.1) | 90 (12.9) | ||||
Feverishness in the last 48 hrs | No | 54 (41.5) | 498 (72.6) | < 0.001 * | ||
Yes | 76 (58.5) | 188 (27.4) | ||||
Shivering | No | 59 (45.4) | 567 (81.6) | < 0.001 * | 3.11 [2.0-4.9] | < 0.001 * |
Yes | 71 (54.6) | 128 (18.4) | ||||
IPT | 0 dose | 33 (25.4) | 140 (20.1) | 0.058 | ||
1 dose | 15 (11.5) | 138 (19.8) | ||||
2 doses | 82 (63.1) | 418 (60.1) | ||||
Rainy season | No | 70 (53.9) | 414 (59.5) | 0.231 | ||
Yes | 60 (46.1) | 282 (40.5) | ||||
Bed net use | No | 33 (25.4) | 193 (27.7) | 0.582 | ||
Yes | 97 (74.6) | 503 (72.3) | ||||
Delivery | ||||||
Primigravidae | No | 54 (76.1) | 537 (84.3) | 0.076 | ||
Yes | 17 (23.9) | 100 (15.7) | ||||
Age under 25 | No | 38 (53.5) | 384 (61.4) | 0.196 | ||
Yes | 33 (46.5) | 241 (38.6) | ||||
Fever | No | 59 (83.1) | 601 (94.4) | < 0.001 * | 3.6 [1.7-7.7] | 0.001 * |
Yes | 12 (16.9) | 36 (5.7) | ||||
Headache | No | 63 (92.7) | 610 (98.2) | 0.004 * | 3.6 [1.1-11.6] | 0.029 * |
Yes | 5 (7.3) | 11 (1.8) | ||||
Nausea | No | 66 (97.1) | 609 (98.1) | 0.576 | ||
Yes | 2 (2.9) | 12 (1.9) | ||||
Rainy season | No | 38 (53.5) | 360 (56.5) | 0.630 | ||
Yes | 33 (46.5) | 277 (43.5) | ||||
Bednet use | No | 13 (18.3) | 113 (17.7) | 0.905 | ||
Yes | 58 (81.7) | 524 (82.3) |