Table 5 Safety score where LD50 has not been assessed
From: Do ethnobotanical and laboratory data predict clinical safety and efficacy of anti-malarial plants?
Safety | Score | Level of activity |
|---|---|---|
Not evaluated | 0 | Needs to be tested (priority to be determined according to other criteria) |
Reports of human toxicity | +2 | Widespread and long-term use in humans with no reported toxicity |
-1 | Reports of toxicity in humans after ingesting other parts of the same plant | |
-2 | Reports of mild toxicity in humans after ingesting the relevant plant part, or a mixture containing this part | |
ELIMINATE | Reports of severe toxicity in humans after ingesting the remedy at a medicinal dose | |
Cytotoxicity: Activity Ratio (CAR) in vitro (CAR = IC50 for cytotoxicity, divided by IC50 for anti-malarial activity) | +10 | ≥1000 |
+5 | 100 - 1000 | |
+2 | 50 - 99 | |
+1 | 10 - 49 | |
0 | 2 - 10 | |
-5 | <2 | |
Toxic chemical constituents | +2 | Plant chemistry studied in depth, and no known toxic compounds have been found. |
-1 | Toxic compounds found in a different plant part, or likely to be destroyed or evaporated in preparation of the remedy | |
-3 | Toxic compounds found in the relevant plant part, which are not likely to be destroyed in preparation |