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Table 2 Temporal trends of additional dhps combinations from 1996 to 2009 by study period

From: Temporal trends of sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) drug-resistance molecular markers in Plasmodium falciparum parasites from pregnant women in western Kenya

dhps combinations

1996-2000

(%)

2002-2008

(%)

2008-2009

(%)

P value

S436A/F/H + A437G + K540E

    

 Wild type

44.4

1.7

0

 

 Single mutant

25.6

1.7

0.8

<0.001

 Double mutant

30.0

94.3

93.2

 

 Triple mutant

0

2.3

6.0

 

A437G + K540E + A581G

    

 Wild type

56.1

2.3

0

 

 Single mutant

13.9

1.1

0.8

<0.001

 Double mutant

30.0

96.6

93.9

 

 Triple mutant

0

0

5.3

 

S436A/F/H + A437G + K540E + A581G

    

 Wild type

44.4

1.7

0

 

 Single mutant

25.6

1.7

0.8

<0.001

 Double mutant

30.0

94.3

88.5

 

 Triple mutant

0

2.3

9.9

 

 Quadruple

0

0

0.8

 
  1. P values derived from exact Pearson chi-square test. Mutated amino acids are depicted in bold font.