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Table 2 Characteristics of the major clinical phenotypes

From: Severe and uncomplicated falciparum malaria in children from three regions and three ethnic groups in Cameroon: prospective study

Parameter

N

CM

N

SMA

N

UM

N

RD

P-value

Hyperpyrexia, n (%)

47

9 (19.1)

191

24 (12.6)

154

29 (18.8)

32

9 (28.1)

0.110

Hyperparasitaemia, n (%)

48

6 (12.5)

231

5 (2.2)

228

14 (6.1)

26

3 (11.5)

0.008

Hypoglycaemia, n (%)

49

-

187

24 (12.8)

177

18 (10.2)

26

4 (15.4)

0.617

Fatality, n (%)

47

11 (23.4)

187

11 (5.4)

154

3 (1.9)

33

5 (15.2)

<0.001

Mean age ± SD (months)

49

37.85 ± 30.15

205

29.96 ± 27.33

201

51.41 ± 38.81♣

33

40.28 ± 34.33

<0.001

Mean haemoglobin ± SD (g/dl)

49

6.29 ± 2.34

225

3.65 ± 0.83

222

9.60 ± 1.31

31

7.71 ± 2.27

<0.001

*GMPD, parasites/μL

48

8,578

231

7,754

228

6,791

26

17,512

0.346

Mean spleen size ± SD (cm)

41

0.95 ± 1.66

124

1.51 ± 2.37

104

1.08 ± 1.94

15

3.13 ± 3.04§

0.004

Mean plasma glucose ± SD (mmol/l)

49

6.41 ± 3.57

187

5.91 ± 4.41

177

6.23 ± 6.33

26

4.63 ± 4.25

0.474

  1. ♣Age significantly higher than the corresponding values for SMA (P < 0.001) and CM (P = 0.050).
  2. §Spleen size significantly higher than the corresponding values for CM (P = 0.005), SMA (P = 0.033) and UM (P = 0.004).
  3. The haemoglobin values are significantly different between all four clinical groups; each participant has been categorised into one group only which clinicians felt was the primary phenotype. Samples numbers in some of the clinical groups are lower because some parameter estimates were not taken.