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Table 2 Results of parallel measurements of urine and blood samples from hyponatraemic and normonatraemic malaria patients on admission.

From: Hyponatraemia in imported malaria: the pathophysiological role of vasopressin

Parameter

Hyponatraemic patients

(n = 13)

Normonatraemic patients

(n = 10)

 

Inappropriate AVP secretion@

(n = 7)

Appropriate AVP secretion

(n = 6)

P-value#

 

P-value*

Vital signs on admission

     

Body temperature, °C

38.9 (37.6-41.1)

37.4 (35.7-38.6)

P = 0.0153

38.3 (36.0-40.1)

n.s.

Pulse rate, beats per minute

96 (72-121)

105 (91-120)

n.s.

93 (72-125)

n.s.

Laboratory data on admission

     

C-reactive protein, mg/L

158 (60-176)

236 (71-352)

n.s.

95 (18-407)

n.s.

Haematocrit, L/L

0.39 (0.15-0.44)

0.40 (0.19-0.50)

n.s.

0.46 (0.36-0.51)

n.s.

Serum Urea:creatinine ratio

0.06 (0.04-0.11)

0.07 (0.05-0.14)

n.s.

0.06 (0.03-0.09)

n.s.

Serum copeptin, pmol/L

11.4 (7.2 -21.4 )

23.5 (6.8 -91.5 )

n.a.

12.2 (3.8-49.7)

n.a.

Serum copeptin > P97.5, n (%)

4 (57)

5 (83)

n.s.

6 (60)

n.s

Serum sodium, mmol/L

132 (131-134)

128 (124-132)

P = 0.012

138 (135-141)

n.a.

Urine osmol, mosmol/kg

780 (540-924)

480 (298-532)

P = 0.0022

484 (234-906)

P = 0.047

Urine sodium, mmol/L

49 (38-154)

9 (9-47)

n.a.

32 (9-164)

n.a.

  1. Data are given as median (range) or as indicated otherwise.
  2. Legend to the table: @ = inappropriate AVP secretion was defined as a serum copeptin to urine sodium ratio of ≤ 30 pmol/mmol. #P-values of comparison of hyponatraemic patients with inappropriate vs appropriate AVP secretion. *P-values of univariate analysis using Kruskall Wallis followed by Dunn's post hoc tests; n.s. = not significant difference; n.a. = not applicable (defining criterion).