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Table 1 Mortality rates (95% confidence interval) and blood-feeding status of Anopheles gambiae s.l from various localities exposed to lambdacyhalothrin 0.05% in WHO resistance tests

From: High level of resistance in the mosquito Anopheles gambiae to pyrethroid insecticides and reduced susceptibility to bendiocarb in north-western Tanzania

Date of testing

Village

Total tested

Replicate no.

 % mortality (95%CI)

% blood-fed Anopheles

Kdr allele frequency

May 2011

Kikagate

35

2

34%

(19–52)

100%

95%

 

Kyamyorwa

230

12

40%3

(33–46)

70%

100%

Nov 2011

Kishuro

40

2

13%

(4–27)

24%

99%

 

Ngenge

52

3

25%

(14–39)

59%

99%

 

Rwigembe

42

2

31%

(18–47)

84%

100%

 

Buhuma

30

2

17%

(6–35)

78%

100%

 

Kangoma

105

6

8%1

(3–14)

40%

96%

 

Kikagate

142

7

8%

(4–14)

74%

98%

 

Kiteme

104

6

31%2

(22–41)

92%

99%

 

Kyamyorwa

149

7

26%3

(19–34)

75%

98%

 

Nyakahama

13

1

38%

(14–68)

77%

100%

 

Buhanga

36

2

22%3

(10–39)

86%

98%

 

Kimbuga

21

2

0%

(0–16)

43%

94%

 

Kisumu strain

100

4

100%

(96–100)

  
  1. The allelic frequency of the kdr east mutation among An. gambiae s.s is reported separately for each village.
  2. 1Control mortality was 2%, 23% and 34% in the test indicated with a subscript and was 0% in all the other tests.