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Table 5 Binomial logit model estimates of paying out-of-pocket for children under-five with malaria, for different categories of the population in Uganda

From: Health care seeking patterns and determinants of out-of-pocket expenditure for Malaria for the children under-five in Uganda

Paid out of pocket

Coef

Odds ratio

Std Err

z

P>z

 

Wealth Index(Poorest)

Poorer

0.42

1.5

0.20

2.05

0.040

*

Middle

0.41

1.5

0.22

1.88

0.060

 

Richer

0.43

1.5

0.24

1.77

0.076

 

Richest

0.95

2.6

0.31

3.02

0.003

*

Rural

−0.14

0.9

0.37

−0.37

0.714

 

Place first sought treatment

(public facility)$

Private

2.60

13.4

0.17

15.53

0.000

**

Don’t know

0.23

1.3

0.66

0.36

0.721

 

Sought treatment from one source

−2.08

0.1

0.31

−6.78

0.000

**

Highest educational level

(no education)

Primary

−0.02

1.0

0.17

−0.1

0.921

 

Secondary

0.51

1.7

0.28

1.83

0.068

 

Higher

1.46

4.3

1.16

1.26

0.207

 

Sub-region(Central 1)

Central 2

1.24

3.4

0.35

3.56

0.000

**

Kampala

1.44

4.2

0.69

2.09

0.036

*

East central

1.28

3.6

0.35

3.63

0.000

**

Mid-eastern

1.31

3.7

0.38

3.46

0.001

**

North-east

0.69

2.0

0.34

2.05

0.040

*

Mid-northern

0.82

2.3

0.33

2.47

0.013

*

West Nile

0.67

2.0

0.33

2.03

0.043

*

Mid-western

1.35

3.9

0.36

3.73

0.000

**

South-western

1.00

2.7

0.43

2.31

0.021

*

Normal duties disrupted

0.78

2.2

0.16

4.79

0.000

**

Constant

0.44

1.6

0.87

0.51

0.610

 

Number of observations

1,357

 

Pseudo R2

0.2645

 

LR chi2(21)

444.63

 
  1. $Traditional healer omitted due to small numbers.
  2. ** Statistically significant at 1% level.
  3. *Statistically significant at 5% level.