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Table 3 Signs and symptoms on admission in probable severe malaria patients (n= 393)

From: Severe malaria in Battambang Referral Hospital, an area of multidrug resistance in Western-Cambodia: a retrospective analysis of cases from 2006–2009

Sign/symptoms

Total

Died

OR (95% CI)

p-value*

n

(%)

n

(%)

Fever

372

(95)

50

(13)

0.5 (0.2, 1.4)

0.19

Headache

247

(63)

32

(13)

0.8 (0.4, 1.4)

0.46

Dark urine

220

(56)

24

(11)

0.6 (0.3, 1.0)

0.06

Chills

207

(53)

26

(13)

0.8 (0.4, 1.4)

0.47

Impaired

166

(42)

23

(14)

1.0 (0.6, 1.8)

1

consciousness

(excl coma)

Abdominal pain

133

(34)

15

(11)

0.7 (0.4, 1.3)

0.29

Vomiting

104

(26)

10

(10)

0.6 (0.3, 1.2)

0.14

Anorexia

77

(20)

6

(8)

0.5 (0.2, 1.1)

0.1

Fatigue

75

(19)

8

(11)

0.7 (0.3, 1.5)

0.46

Coma

65

(17)

23

(35)

5.0 (2.7, 9.4)

0

Dyspnea

59

(15)

14

(24)

2.2 (1.1, 4.4)

0.03

Pallor

50

(13)

19

(38)

5.2 (2.7, 10.2)

0

GI Bleeding

41

(10)

4

(10)

0.6 (0.2, 1.9)

0.63

Dizziness

35

(9)

4

(11)

0.8 (0.3, 2.3)

0.8

Bleeding

26

(7)

5

(19)

1.5 (0.5, 4.2)

0.39

Nausea

25

(6)

4

(16)

1.2 (0.4, 3.6)

0.77

Jaundice

24

(6)

4

(17)

1.2 (0.4, 3.8)

0.76

Sweating

24

(6)

6

(25)

2.2 (0.8, 5.8)

0.13

Convulsion

20

(5)

5

(25)

2.2 (0.8, 6.2)

0.18

Confusion

11

(3)

0

(0)

-

-

Neck stiffness

2

(1)

1

(50)

6.2 (0.4, 101)

0.26

  1. *Fisher's Exact Test (2-sided).
  2. Adjusted for Dark Urine, Coma, Dyspnea and Pallor and Age Group, aOR (95% CI) of Dark Urine= 0.4 (0.2, 0.8), aOR of Coma = 5.8 (2.9, 11.5), aOR of Dyspnea = 2.5 (1.2, 5.4), aOR of Pallor = 4.2 (1.9, 9.0) and aOR of Age > 15 = 2.0 (0.9, 4.1).
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