Figure 1

Spatial maps in 1990. The spatial distribution of median dhps 540E prevalence from the model output in 1990 (a) and the associated model uncertainty (b). The median values of the predictive prevalence are represented as a continuous surface, with dark blue corresponding to low prevalences and dark red to high prevalences. Studies that were conducted before or during the year of 1990 are represented on the median surface maps by circles – where the colour of the circle is proportional to the observed dhps 540E prevalence at that study location and the radius of the circle is proportional to the sample size of the study. All of the available data, from all years, were used to inform the 1990 map in the spatiotemporal model.