From: Severity of imported malaria: protective effect of taking malaria chemoprophylaxis
Outcome measure | Group | Proportion or mean (95% CI) | Odds ratio (95% CI) | P-value (with no chemoprophylaxis as comparator) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Severe malaria | No chemoprophylaxis | 53/361 | Reference | Â |
(WHO 2010) | Non-compliant use | 8/100 | 0.505 (0.232–1.102) | N.S. |
Compliant use | 2/98 | 0.121 (0.029–0.516) | 0.0002 | |
ICU admission | No chemoprophylaxis | 73/361 | Reference | Â |
Non-compliant use | 15/100 | 0.696 (0.380–1.276) | N.S. | |
Compliant use | 6/98 | 0.257 (0.108–0.611) | 0.0008 | |
Mechanical ventilation | No chemoprophylaxis | 3/361 | Reference | Â |
Non-compliant use | 1/100 | 1.205 (0.124–11.722) | N.S. | |
Compliant use | 0/98 | 0.520 (0.027–10.158) | N.S. | |
Renal replacement therapy | No chemoprophylaxis | 7/361 | Reference | Â |
Non-compliant use | 0/100 | 0.235 (0.013–4.150) | N.S. | |
Compliant use | 0/98 | 0.240 (0.014–4.241) | N.S. | |
Exchange transfusion | No chemoprophylaxis | 35/361 | Reference | Â |
Non-compliant use | 6/100 | 0.595 (0.243–1.457) | N.S. | |
Compliant use | 1/98 | 0.096 (0.013–0.710) | 0.0024 | |
Death | No chemoprophylaxis | 2/361 | Reference | Â |
Non-compliant use | 0/100 | 0.715 (0.034–15.033) | N.S. | |
Compliant use | 0/98 | 0.730 (0.035–15.341) | N.S. | |
P. falciparum species | No chemoprophylaxis | 285/358* | Reference | Â |
Non-compliant use | 77/100 | 0.858 (0.504–1.460) | N.S. | |
Compliant use | 41/98 | 0.184 (0.114–0.297) | <0.0001 | |
P. falciparum parasite load (asexual parasites per μL) | No chemoprophylaxis | 73,774 (55,620–91,928) | Reference |  |
Non-compliant use | 48,866 (20,264–77,467) | N.A. | N.S. | |
Compliant use | 24,563 (5,163–43,963) | N.A. | 0.0004 | |
Time in hospital (days) | No chemoprophylaxis | 4.8 (4.4–5.2) | Reference |  |
Non-compliant use | 4.8 (4.4–5.3) | N.A. | N.S. | |
Compliant use | 2.9 (2.4–3.5) | N.A. | <0.0001 |