Table 3 Age/sex-adjusted associations of each variable with hyperlactataemia
Variable | Odds ratio and 95% CI | p-value* |
|---|---|---|
Weight %ile for age | 0.83 | |
<10 | 1.00 (REF) | |
10-24 | 0.95 (0.42 to 2.14) | |
25-50 | 0.50 (0.19 to 1.37) | |
50-74 | 1.02 (0.32 to 3.22) | |
75-89 | 1.31 (0.26 to 6.44) | |
≥90 | 0.75 (0.09 to 6.33) | |
Prior use of anti-malarial | 1.71 (0.88 to 3.30) | 0.11 |
Deep breathing | 8.46 (4.22 to 16.96) | <0.001 |
Irregular breathing | 5.94 (0.36 to 98.49) | 0.21 |
Use of accessory muscles | 11.51 (2.58 to 51.26) | 0.001 |
Lung crepitations | 2.48 (0.64 to 9.70) | 0.19 |
Grunting respiration | 4.78 (1.56 to 14.60) | 0.006 |
Cough | 1.02 (0.54 to 1.90) | 0.96 |
Age-specific respiratory rate ratio** (per unit increase) | 5.24 (2.75 to 9.98) | <0.001 |
Duration of symptoms (days) | 0.003 | |
≤1 | 1.00 (REF) | |
2 | 0.67 (0.28 to 1.62) | |
≥3 | 0.24 (0.09 to 0.63) | |
Blantyre coma score | <0.001 | |
5 | 1.00 (REF) | |
3-4 | 4.35 (1.83 to 10.35) | |
0-2 | 15.12 (6.42 to 35.62) | |
Any convulsions | 5.36 (2.74 to 10.49) | <0.001 |
Axillary temperature (per °C increase) | 1.40 (1.03 to 1.92) | 0.03 |
Dehydration | 1.56 (0.67 to 3.62) | 0.3 |
Severe prostration | 5.67 (2.72 to 11.81) | <0.001 |
Splenomegaly | 0.86 (0.38 to 1.97) | 0.72 |
% parasitaemia (per 1% increase) | 1.09 (1.05 to 1.12) | <0.001 |
Hb (per 1 g/dL increase) | 0.78 (0.69 to 0.89) | <0.001 |
Blood glucose (mmol/L) | 0.003 | |
≤2.2 | 1.00 (REF) | |
>2.2, ≤4.4 | 0.22 (0.05 to 1.04) | |
>4.4, ≤8.3 | 0.09 (0.02 to 0.37) | |
>8.3 | 0.17 (0.04 to 0.76) |