From: Malaria control in Botswana, 2008–2012: the path towards elimination
Year | Key milestones |
---|---|
1950 | Malaria control activities in Botswana started in 1950s with a programme that focused mainly on vector control using IRS with DDT |
1974 | A comprehensive programme was initiated with emphasis on a number of components (vector control, case management and health education) |
1996 | Malaria vector control through IRS as a vertical programme was decentralized from central government to district level under the primary health care approach |
1996 | Weekly notification of malaria cases introduced with indicators of confirmed, unconfirmed and malaria deaths being reported |
1997 | NMP Botswana introduced the use of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) as a complementary strategy to IRS. |
1998 | Sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine introduced as first-line treatment following evidence of resistance to chloroquine between 1994 and 1997 |
2003 | IDSR strategy introduced incorporating malaria indicators |
2007 | NMP introduced ACT adopting artemether-lumefantrine as first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria and RDT for malaria diagnosis in all districts |
2009 | In line with the move to malaria elimination, a policy change required all cases to be tested before treatment |
Re-introduction of DDT for IRS and switch to use of ITNs to LLINs as strategy to achieve elimination | |
Following a comprehensive NMP review, Botswana adopted move towards malaria elimination, and the target was set for 2015 | |
2010 | Malaria policy developed to guide implementation of malaria interventions. Malaria Strategic Plan 2010 –15 using recommendations from programme review of 2009. |
Mass free distribution of LLINs adopted | |
2012 | Case-based surveillance introduced |