Skip to main content

Table 5 Placental histology features in peripherally patent P. falciparum and P. vivax cases

From: Placental infections with histologically confirmed Plasmodium falciparum are associated with adverse birth outcomes in India: a cross-sectional study

Placental feature

No†infection

Pf

Pv

Pf vs no infection

Pv vs no Infection

Pf vs Pv

n = 441

n =28

n = 11

p value

p value

p value

Syncytial Knots

      

Normal, n (%)

406 (92.1)

16 (57.1)

4 (36.4)

<0.0001

<0.0001

0.03

Increased (>1/3), n (%)

35 (7.9)

12 (42.9)

7 (63.6)

   

Fibrinoid necrosis

      

Absent, n (%)

380 (86.2)

24 (85.7)

9 (81.8)

   

Focal, n (%)

58 (13.2)

3 (10.7)

2 (18.2)

0.25

0.85

0.68

Diffuse, n (%)

3 (0.6)

1 (3.6)

0

   

Intravillous calcification

Absent, n (%)

403 (91.4)

25 (89.3)

11 (100.0)

   

Focal, n (%)

31 (7.0)

2 (7.1)

0

0.73

0.59

0.52

Diffuse, n (%)

7 (1.6)

1 (3.6)

0

   

Intervillous fibrin

      

Absent, n (%)

125 (28.3)

6 (21.4)

7 (63.6)

   

Mild, n (%)

265 (60.1)

20 (71.4)

4 (36.4)

0.48

0.03

0.03

Moderate, n (%)

51 (11.6)

2 (7.2)

0

   

Severe, n (%)

0

0

0

   

IVS polymorphonuclear cells

Absent, n (%)

335 (75.9)

19 (70.4)

3 (27.3)

   

Mild, n (%)

77 (17.5)

6 (22.2)

3 (27.3)

0.91

<0.0001

0.01

Moderate, n (%)

28 (6.4)

2 (7.4)

5 (45.4)

   

Severe, n (%)

1 (0.2)

0

0

   

Intervillous monocytes

Absent, n (%)

351 (79.6)

4 (14.3)

5 (45.5)

   

Mild, n (%)

69 (15.7)

13 (46.4)

5 (45.5)

<0.0001

0.02

0.12

Moderate, n (%)

21 (4.7)

10 (35.7)

1 (9.0)

   

Severe, n (%)

0

1 (3.6)

0

   
  1. All are column %; †negative for parasites by smear microscopy & histology. Abbreviations: Pf = P. falciparum, Pv = P. vivax; IVS = intervillous space.