Origin | Source of samples* | Initial evidence | Gene deletion analysis by PCR | Antigen analysis | Ref | Prevalence (no. of samples. year of collection) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Region | Country | Area | Microscopy | Quality RDT | Species PCR | pfhrp2(exon 1 & 2) | No. single copy genes | Flanking genes | HRP ELISA | 2ndquality RDT | |||
South America | Peru | Iquitos Condorcanqui Jaen San Lorenzo Yurimaguas | S | D | D | D | D | 3 | D | D | D | [19] | 41% (148, 2003–2007) |
D | ND | D | D | 3 | ND | ND | ND | Â | |||||
Iquitos surrounding | S | D | D | D | D | ND | ND | D | D | [23] | 25.7% (74, 2010–2011) | ||
Iquitos Padre cocha Caballococha Bellavista | U | ND | ND | D | D | ND | D | ND | ND | [21] | 20.7% (92, 1998–2001) 40.6% (96, 2003–2005) | ||
Brazil | Brazilian Amazon | S | D | D | D | D | ND | ND | ND | ND | [24] | Case report | |
French Guiana |  | S | D | D | D | D | ND | ND | ND | ND | [25] | 0% (140, 2009–2011) | |
Africa | Mali | Bamako | A/S | D | ND | D | D | 1 | ND | ND | ND | [26] | 2% (480, 1996) |
DRC Gambia Kenya Mozambique Rwanda Tanzania Uganda |  | S | D | ND | D | Exon 2 only | ND | ND | D | ND | [27] | 0% (77, 2–19 per country, 2005–2010) | |
Senegal | Dakar | S | D | ND | D | D | 1 | ND | ND | ND | [28] | 2.4% (136, 2009–2012) | |
Asia | India | Chhattisgarh | S | D | D | D | D | 3 | D | ND | D | [29] | 4.2% (48, 2010) |