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Table 2 Published studies reporting P. falciparum with deletions or no deletions of the pfhrp2 gene

From: Plasmodium falciparum parasites lacking histidine-rich protein 2 and 3: a review and recommendations for accurate reporting

Origin

Source of samples*

Initial evidence

Gene deletion analysis by PCR

Antigen analysis

Ref

Prevalence (no. of samples. year of collection)

Region

Country

Area

Microscopy

Quality RDT

Species PCR

pfhrp2(exon 1 & 2)

No. single copy genes

Flanking genes

HRP ELISA

2ndquality RDT

South America

Peru

Iquitos Condorcanqui Jaen San Lorenzo Yurimaguas

S

D

D

D

D

3

D

D

D

[19]

41% (148, 2003–2007)

D

ND

D

D

3

ND

ND

ND

 

Iquitos surrounding

S

D

D

D

D

ND

ND

D

D

[23]

25.7% (74, 2010–2011)

Iquitos Padre cocha Caballococha Bellavista

U

ND

ND

D

D

ND

D

ND

ND

[21]

20.7% (92, 1998–2001) 40.6% (96, 2003–2005)

Brazil

Brazilian Amazon

S

D

D

D

D

ND

ND

ND

ND

[24]

Case report

French Guiana

 

S

D

D

D

D

ND

ND

ND

ND

[25]

0% (140, 2009–2011)

Africa

Mali

Bamako

A/S

D

ND

D

D

1

ND

ND

ND

[26]

2% (480, 1996)

DRC Gambia Kenya Mozambique Rwanda Tanzania Uganda

 

S

D

ND

D

Exon 2 only

ND

ND

D

ND

[27]

0% (77, 2–19 per country, 2005–2010)

Senegal

Dakar

S

D

ND

D

D

1

ND

ND

ND

[28]

2.4% (136, 2009–2012)

Asia

India

Chhattisgarh

S

D

D

D

D

3

D

ND

D

[29]

4.2% (48, 2010)

  1. *Source of samples: S = Symptomatic case, A = Asymptomatic case, U = not specified. D = done; ND = not done.
  2. Note: Quality RDT indicates RDTs meet the WHO RDT recommended procurement criteria based on WHO Malaria RDT Product Testing.