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Table 2 Factors associated with use of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets in Bhutan, 2013

From: Prevalence of asymptomatic malaria and bed net ownership and use in Bhutan, 2013: a country earmarked for malaria elimination

Net use Unadjusted Adjusted
Odds ratio P value Odds ratio P value
(95% CI) ( 95% CI)
Washing of LLINs (1,172)
Every 6 months (801) Ref    
<6 months (26) 0.2 (0.1, 0.4) <0.0001* 0.2 (0.1, 0.8) 0.026*
>9 months (164) 0.2 (0.1, 0.4) <0.0001* 0.1 (0.1,0.3) <0.0001*
Never washed (191) 0.5 (0.2, 0.7) 0.03* 0.5 (0.2, 1.1) 0.10
Socio-economic quintile (1,200)
Most poor (278) Ref   Ref  
More poor (205) 1.0 (0.4, 2.4) 0.97 0.8 (0.3, 2.2) 0.65
Poor (295) 0.7 (0.3, 1.5) 0.34 0.5 (0.2, 1.2) 0.13
Less poor (363) 1.1 (0.5, 2.3) 0.91 0.9 (0.3, 2.7) 0.87
Least poor (59) 0.1 (0.1, 0.3) <0.0001* 0.2 (0.1, 0.5) 0.002*
Household members (1,189)
< 3 members (419) Ref   Ref  
4-6 members (610) 1.1 (0.7, 1.9) 0.66 1.0 (0.5, 1.9) 0.98
7-9 members (169) 1.9 (0.8, 4.8) 0.15 2.5 (0.8, 7.7) 0.11
Household income per month (1,199)
< Nu 1,500 (472) Ref   Ref  
Nu 1,501-3,000 (327) 1.5 (0.7, 3.2) 0.32 0.8 (0.3, 2.0) 0.66
Nu 3,001-5,000 (180) 4.1 (1.0, 17.9) 0.06 2.2 (0.5, 10.6) 0.33
Nu 5,001-10,000 (117) 0.4 (0.2, 0.8) 0.007* 0.3 (0.1, 0.9) 0.027*
>Nu 10,000 (103) 0.2 (0.1, 0.3) <0.0001* 0.1 (0.04, 0.3) <0.0001*
Location of households from the nearest health centre (1,200)
<1 hrs (840) Ref   Ref  
1–3 hrs (329) 0.5 (0.3, 0.9) 0.012* 0.3 (0.1, 0.7) 0.002*
>3 hrs (31) 1    
Action taken if LLINs are torn (1,182)
Repair the LLINs (1,122) Ref   Ref  
Do not know (22) 0.1 (0.1 0.3) <0.0001* 0.1 (0.03, 0.3) <0.0001*
Buy new one (38) 0.2 (0.1, 0.3) <0.0001* 0.5 (0.2, 1.5) 0.24
Hanging of LLIN during day (1,184)
Hang in sleeping area (1,147) Ref   Ref  
Keep in the box (33) 0.1 (0.04, 0.2) <0.0001* 0.1 (0.1, 0.4) <0.0001*
Other place (4) 0.1 (0.02, 1.4) 0.09 0.3 (0.02, 3.8) 0.33
  1. Unadjusted odds ratio (OR) was obtained from bivariate logistic regression and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) was obtained from multivariable logistic regression.
  2. *significant at p < 0.05.
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