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Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analysis of the association between different neurological phenotypes of severe malaria and scores for executive functioning tests in children

From: Impairment of executive function in Kenyan children exposed to severe falciparum malaria with neurological involvement

Phenotypes of severe malaria

Vigilance efficiency scores, β (95% CI)

TEA-Ch test total scores, β (95% CI)

Contingency naming test average total error scores, β (95% CI)

Contingency naming test average efficiency scores, β (95% CI)

Self-ordered pointing test, β (95% CI)

Impaired consciousness: unadjusted model

0.02 (-0.12-0.18); P = 0.734

0.09 (-0.33-0.51); P = 0.667

-0.07 (-0.28-0.14); P = 0.494

0.07 (-0.02-0.16); P = 0.110

0.47 (-2.73-3.67); P = 0.771

Impaired consciousness: adjusted model

0.03 (-0.14-0.20); P = 0.756

-0.40 (-0.81-0.01); P = 0.058

0.08 (-0.35-0.19); P = 0.542

0.06 (-0.06-0.18); P = 0.329

0.99 (-3.12-5.11); P = 0.628

Complex seizures: unadjusted model

-0.35 (-0.59--0.10); P = 0.006

-0.27 (-0.81-0.27); P = 0.318

-0.04 (-0.36-0.28); P = 0.808

-0.01 (-0.12-0.12); P = 0.919

4.70 (0.50-8.90); P = 0.029

Complex seizures: adjusted model

-0.47 (-0.67--0.13); P = 0.006

-0.57 (-1.04--0.10); P = 0.019

-0.59 (-0.20-0.08); P = 0.411

0.10 (-0.32-0.52); P = 0.629

4.57 (-0.73-9.89); P = 0.089

Seizures with fever: unadjusted model

-0.16 (-0.53-0.21);P = 0.377

-0.44 (-1.40-0.52); P = 0.361

0.07 (-0.46-0.60); P = 0.802

0.09 (-0.10-0.27); P = 0.342

5.20 (-1.64-12.05); P = 0.133

Seizures with fever: adjusted model

-0.06 (-0.50-0.37); P = 0.763

-0.42 (-1.34-0.50); P = 0.352

0.18 (-0.62-0.98); P = 0.647

0.04 (-0.21-0.29); P = 0.746

2.72 (-6.07-2.59); P = 0.529

Prostration: unadjusted model

-0.00 (-0.25-0.25); P = 0.994

0.33 (-0.35-1.01); P = 0.339

-0.05 (-0.42-0.33); P = 0.800

0.10 (-0.03-0.22); P = 0.142

1.31 (-3.19-5.82); P = 0.562

Prostration: adjusted model

-0.01 (-0.26-0.25); P = 0.963

0.21 (-0.38-0.81); P = 0.474

-0.11 (-0.62-0.39); P = 0.653

0.10 (-0.06-0.25); P = 0.205

1.59 (-3.86-7.05); P = 0.555

All phenotypes: unadjusted model

-0.08 (-0.23-0.05); P = 0.219

0.01 (-0.34-0.34); P = 0.989

-0.05 (-0.23-0.12); P = 0.575

0.06 (-0.01-0.13); P = 0.090

1.98 (-0.74-4.69); P = 0.152

All phenotypes: adjusted model

-0.13 (-0.13-0.04); P = 0.137

-0.29 (-0.66-0.07); P = 0.109

-0.03 (-0.26-0.20); P = 0.800

0.04 (-0.05-0.13); P = 0.408

2.00 (-1.28-5.29); P = 0.229

  1. TEA = test of everyday attention; β = beta coefficient; CI = confidence interval; associations were performed using linear regression, with multivariate analysis adjusted for a child’s age, sex, schooling; maternal age, schooling and economic activity; perinatal adverse events and history of seizures.