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Table 1 CM(A), insignificant physically apparent brain pathology

From: Induction of HO-1 in tissue macrophages and monocytes in fatal falciparum malaria and sepsis

Patient no.

Age (mo)

Sex

Parasitaemia (Pf) &/or Organism cultured

Admitting coma score

Parasites in brain vessels

Brain vessel monocyte HO-1

Lung mono & alveol M HO-1

Liver Kupffer cell HO-1

4

20

M

19%

2

1+

isolated, mod

strong, fewer

strong

7

29

F

4+

0

1+

absent

strong, fewer

strong

22

18

M

2%

0

1+

absent

strong, common

strong

23

30

F

29%

0

1+

absent

strong, common

strong

31

39

M

49%

1

1+

absent

PMN-obscured

strong

33

25

M

<1%

0

1+

absent

pale

strong

37

6

M

34% & P. mal. trace

2

1+

scattered, mod

strong, fewer

strong

38

84

F

22%

0

1+

scattered, mod

strong, fewer

strong

45

34

M

3%

0

1+

absent

PMN-obscured

moderate

47

22

F

11%

1

1+

absent

pale

strong

49

17

M

0%

1

1+

absent

negative

moderate

CM(B), sequestered parasites only

1

27

F

31%

0

2+

rare, strong

mod, fewer

strong

5

14

M

4%

1

4+

scattered, strong

strong, common

strong

16

51

F

6%

1

2+

rare, strong

strong, fewer

strong

21

25

F

<1%

2

4+

scattered, strong

strong, common

strong

25

44

F

<1%

2

4+

scattered, strong

strong, common

strong

39

18

M

<1%

2

4+

scattered, strong

strong, fewer

strong

42

37

F

20%

0

4+

absent

PMN-obscured

NA

CM(C), sequestered parasites plus local intravascular inflammation

6

17

F

6%

0

3+

accumul, strong

strong, common

strong

9

16

M

<1%

1

3+

accumul, strong

strong, fewer

strong

11

29

F

29% & H. influ. B

1

2+

accumul, strong

PMN-obscured

strong

13

22

M

37%

0–1

3+

scattered, strong

strong, common

strong

15

8

F

1%

2

2+

accumul, strong

strong, fewer

strong

26

30

M

19%

1

4+

accumul, strong

strong, common

strong

27

20

M

53% & Sal. typhi-m

0

3+

accumul, strong

strong, fewer

strong

28

61

F

23%

0

2+

scattered, strong

NA

strong

29

43

M

33%

2

3+

accumul, strong

strong, fewer

strong

32

18

F

47%

0

3+

accumul, strong

strong, fewer

strong

34

70

M

2%

1

4+

accumul, strong

strong, common

strong

35

114

M

<1%

1

3+

accumul, strong

strong, common

strong

36

21

F

1%

2

2+

accumul, strong

strong, fewer

strong

48

48

M

<1%

2

3+

accumul, strong

mod, fewer

strong

COMA (bacteria cultured, and clinically judged not cerebral malaria)

12

6

M

Sal. enteritidis

2

negative

scattered, strong

strong

strong, autolys

14

9

F

E. coli

0

negative

absent

strong

strong

18

7

F

H. influenzae B

1

negative

absent

absent

strong

20

96

F

Tuberculosis

0

negative

regionally strong

regionally strong

strong

24

48

F

Strep. pneumoniae

3

negative

rare, mod

absent

mod, autolys

MALAWIAN CONTROLS (without terminal coma)

41

29

F

Sal. typhimurium

5

negative

absent

absent

absent

43

53

M

suspect malaria

2, then 5

negative

absent

absent

pale, v. occas

* 50

144

F

Strep. pneumoniae

5

negative

absent

pale

pale, occas

AUSTRALIAN CONTROLS

n= 6

 

F/M

NA

NA

negative

negative

NA

NA

  1. * Serologically positive for HIV (n) Number of brains areas examined Abbreviations: NA = not applicable Sal. typhi-m. = Salmonella typhimurium H. influ. B = H. influenzae type B