Table 2 Key parameters measured in the 327 sites that contained water, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Type of breeding site:

Filamentous algae present

138

42.2

Stream

2

0.6

Large drain

29

8.9

Single-celled algae present

18

5.5

Small drain

16

4.9

Swamp

92

28.1

Predators present

118

36.1

Rock pool

0

0

Puddle

22

6.7

Shade

Foot/hoof print

4

1.2

0–25%

250

76.5

Tyretrack

1

0.3

26–50%

58

17.7

Artificial hole

82

25.1

51–75%

16

4.9

Concrete hole

9

2.8

75–100%

3

0.9

Artificial container

0

0

Other

69

21.4

Maximum depth more than 0.5 m

108

32.7

General surrounding

Size

High density housing

236

71.6

Perimeter < 1m

17

5.2

Fields

57

18.0

Perimeter 1–10 m

128

39.4

Industry

19

5.8

Perimeter > 10 m

182

55.4

Other

15

4.6

Turbidity

Distance to nearest inhabited house

Clear

137

41.9

<10 m

179

54.7

Turbid

160

48.9

10–100 m

127

38.8

Very turbid

30

9.2

>100 m

21

6.4

Salinity mS/cm (rounded to full numbers)

Distance to nearest potential resting site

0–1

138

42.3

<10 m

327

100

2–3

145

44.5

10–100 m

0

0

4–5

22

6.7

>100 m

0

0

6–7

4

1.2

8–9

3

0.9

Anopheles larvae density

10–14

4

1.2

Absent

125

38.2

15–19

2

0.6

Low density

64

19.3

>20

8

2.5

High density

138

42.5

Temperature °C (rounded to full numbers)

Culicine larvae density

25–26

9

2.8

Absent

139

43.1

27–28

34

10.4

Low density

43

13.1

29–30

92

28.2

High density

145

43.7

31–32

71

21.7

33–34

63

19.3

Anopheles and Culicine pupae density

35–36

39

12.0

Absent

247

75.5

37–38

12

3.7

Low density

37

11.3

39–40

5

1.5

High density

43

13.1

pH (rounded to full numbers)

Grass in the middle of site present

134

41.0

6

3

0.9

7

111

34.1

Grass along the edges present

244

74.6

8

169

52.0

9

46

12.3

Floating plants present

65

19.9

10

2

0.6

Floating algae present

41

12.5