Table 4 Risk factor analysis for malaria infections (positive slide and/or positive IFAT (1/80)): uni- and multi-variate adjusted analysis using survey logistic regression (n = 1,434)
From: Epidemiology of forest malaria in central Vietnam: a large scale cross-sectional survey
Risk factors | Prevalence (%) | Cases (n/N) | Unadjusted | Multivariate Adjusted | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | 95%CI | OR | 95%CI | |||
Total | 33.3 | 1,434/4,306 | ||||
Sex: | ||||||
- Male | 35.8 | 659/1841 | 1 | 1 | ||
- Female | 34.1 | 775/2465 | 0.82 | [0.71; 0.96]° | 0.71 | [0.59; 0.86]° |
Age (y): | ||||||
- 10–20 | 30.6 | 293/959 | 1 | |||
- 20–30 | 33.5 | 501/1494 | 1.15 | [0.95; 1.39] | ||
- 30–40 | 35.6 | 346/972 | 1.26 | [1.03; 1.53]° | ||
- 40–50 | 36.0 | 194/539 | 1.28 | [1.09; 1.56]° | - | - |
- 50-max | 29.2 | 100/342 | 0.94 | [0.67; 1.32] | ||
Ethnic group: | ||||||
- Kinh | 13.2 | 30/227 | 0.26 | [0.17; 0.43]°° | 0.67 | [0.29; 1.52] |
- Rag Lay | 36.6 | 1355/3705 | 1 | 1 | ||
- Others | 13.1 | 49/374 | 0.26 | [0.12; 0.58]° | 0.38 | [0.22; 0.66]° |
Education: | ||||||
- No | 40.6 | 798/1968 | 1 | 1 | ||
- Primary | 30.1 | 556/1849 | 0.63 | [0.50; 0.80]°° | 0.68 | [0.52; 0.88]° |
- Secondary + | 16.4 | 80/489 | 0.29 | [0.22; 0.38]°° | 0.46 | [0.34; 0.64]°° |
Bed-net availability: | ||||||
- No net | 44.6 | 41/92 | 1.83 | [1.05; 3.21]° | ||
- Untreated nets | 40.9 | 9/22 | 1.58 | [0.70; 3.54] | - | |
- > 2pers./net | 34.3 | 948/2761 | 1.19 | [0.98; 1.45] | ||
- 1–2 pers./net | 30.5 | 436/1431 | 1 | |||
House structure: | ||||||
- Bamboo | 40.5 | 883/2183 | 1 | 1 | ||
- Wooden | 27.6 | 338/1224 | 0.56 | [0.42; 0.76]°° | 0.85 | [0.68; 1.08] |
- Dried mud | 29.7 | 70/236 | 0.62 | [0.40; 0.97]° | 0.62 | [0.41; 0.94]° |
- Bricks | 21.6 | 143/663 | 0.40 | [0.30; 0.56]°° | 0.81 | [0.62; 1.07] |
Socio-economic status: | ||||||
- No radio, TV, moto | 37.8 | 1037/2742 | 1 | 1 | ||
- Only radio | 34.6 | 155/448 | 0.87 | [0.65; 1.17] | 0.97 | [0.74; 1.27] |
- TV only | 27.6 | 82/297 | 0.63 | [0.38; 1.03]° | 0.73 | [0.48; 1.09] |
- TV + radio | 20.7 | 34/164 | 0.43 | [0.26; 0.71]° | 0.60 | [0.39; 0.93]° |
- Moto (+/-radio +/-TV) | 19.2 | 126/655 | 0.39 | [0.28; 0.55]°° | 0.54 | [0.37; 0.78]° |
Profession: | ||||||
- Other work | 14.7 | 65/441 | 1 | |||
- Forest work | 36.5 | 1245/3412 | 3.32 | [1.39; 3.42]°° | - | |
- No (children, students, old) | 27.4 | 124/453 | 2.18 | [2.36; 4.68]° | ||
Forest work: | ||||||
- Other work | 14.7 | 65/441 | 1 | 1 | ||
- Occasional (+child/retired) | 25.9 | 258/993 | 2.03 | [1.14; 3.18]° | 1.48 | [1.01; 2.17]° |
- Regular, no sleep | 35.7 | 681/1906 | 3.22 | [2.09; 4.94]°° | 1.76 | [1.05; 2.94]° |
- Regular + sleep | 48.8 | 327/670 | 5.51 | [3.42; 8.90] °° | 2.86 | [1.62; 5.07]° |
- Missing data | 34.8 | 103/296 | - | |||