Table 1 Factors associated with IgG+IgA+IgM seroprevalence
From: Seroprevalence of malaria in inhabitants of the urban zone of Antananarivo, Madagascar
P. falciparum IgG+IgA+IgM | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | negative | positive | P | ||
Entire cohort | 1,059 | 43.9% | 56.1% | ||
Sex | Sex ratio (male/female) = 0.59 | ||||
Male | 391 | 14.7% | 22.2% | 0.044 | |
Female | 668 | 29.2% | 33.9% | ||
Age | Mean age = 29.56 ± 17.66 years | ||||
< 15 years | 251 | 12.9% | 10.8% | < 0.0001 | |
≥ 15 years | 808 | 31.0% | 45.3% | ||
Social class | No schooling | 49 | 2.2% | 2.5% | NS |
Primary school level | 375 | 16.8% | 18.6% | ||
Secondary school level | 519 | 20.3% | 28.7% | ||
Post-secondary studies | 116 | 4.6% | 6.3% | ||
Travel outside city (previous 6 months) | No travel | 761 | 33.4% | 38.4% | 0.021 |
Travel to Central Highlands | 188 | 6.4% | 11.3% | ||
Travel to the coast | 110 | 4.1% | 6.3% | ||
Malaria episodes (previous 6 months) | 0 declared episodes, no treatment | 875 | 36.5% | 46.2% | NS |
1 declared episode with treatment | 134 | 5.7% | 7.0% | ||
More than 1 episode | 50 | 1.8% | 2.9% | ||
Rice field index | Lower than 26.98% | 785 | 29.6% | 44.5% | < 0.0001 |
Higher than 26.99% (last quartile) | 274 | 14.3% | 11.6% | ||
Subjects living in the city for more than 4 years and had not travelled outside the city in the previous 6 months | 690 | 46.5% | 53.5% | ||
Sex | Sex ratio (male/female) = 0.49 | ||||
Male | 226 | 14.1% | 18.7% | NS | |
Female | 464 | 32.5% | 34.8% | ||
Age | Mean age = 30.25 ± 18.07 years | ||||
< 15 years | 165 | 13.3% | 10.6% | 0.006 | |
≥ 15 years | 525 | 33.2% | 42.9% | ||
Rice field index | Lower than 26.98% | 512 | 32.3% | 41.9% | 0.008 |
Higher than 26.99% (last quartile) | 178 | 14.2% | 11.6% | ||