From: Detection and clinical manifestation of placental malaria in southern Ghana
Parameter | Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum (%) | P | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Primiparae | Parae II & III | Multiparae | ||
No. | 304 | 305 | 223 | |
Peripheral blood | ||||
Diagnosic mean | ||||
Microscopy | 27.0 | 16.4* | 11.7* | < 0.0001 |
HRP2 test | 45.4 | 30.5* | 23.8* | < 0.0001 |
PCR | 59.2 | 52.1 | 46.2* | 0.01 |
GMPD (μL, 95%CI) | 740 (481–1137) | 343 (189–623)* | 593 (263–1336) | 0.12 |
Placental blood | ||||
Diagnostic mean | ||||
Microscopy | 46.1 | 33.1* | 22.0* | < 0.0001 |
Haemozoin | 42.4 | 29.8* | 16.6* | < 0.0001 |
HRP2 test | 50.7 | 37.4* | 32.3* | < 0.0001 |
PCR | 65.1 | 59.7 | 52.0* | 0.01 |
GMPD (/HPF; 95%CI) | 1.2 (0.8–1.8) | 0.6 (0.4–1.1) | 0.4 (0.2–0.7)* | 0.01 |
Stage of infection | ||||
None | 47.4 | 57.7* | 70.9* | |
Resolved | 6.6 | 9.2 | 7.2 | |
Late | 35.9 | 20.7* | 9.4* | |
Early | 10.2 | 12.5 | 12.6 | < 0.0001 |