Table 3 Relative risk of malaria, according to ecologic risk factors, 2001–2004.

House Construction

   Metal Roof

1.59 (1.03, 2.48)*

1.77 (1.26, 2.48)***

1.46 (1.04, 2.07)*

1.29 (0.88, 1.89)

   Mud Walls

2.39 (0.93, 6.17)

1.48 (0.63, 3.5)

0.61 (0.21, 1.73)

1.76 (0.86, 3.63)

Population Density (per 250 people/km² increase)

0.83 (0.69, 0.98)*

0.75 (0.65, 0.87)***

0.72 (0.62, 0.84)***

0.91 (0.78, 1.07)

Number in household

1.01 (0.92, 1.10)

1.14 (1.08, 1.22)***

1.06 (1.00, 1.13)*

0.99 (0.92, 1.07)

Age (per 10 year increase)

1.11 (1.02, 1.21)*

0.99 (0.93, 1.06)

0.94 (0.87, 1.02)

1.01 (0.92, 1.10)

Distance to Road (per 100 m increase)

1.06 (0.90, 1.24)

0.90 (0.78, 1.01)

0.95 (0.84, 1.09)

0.92 (0.78, 1.08)

Distance to Swamp (per 100 m increase)

0.92 (0.88, 0.97)**

0.92 (0.89, 0.95)***

0.92 (0.89, 0.96)***

0.95 (0.91, 0.99)*

Dist. to Forest (per 100 m increase)

0.97 (0.94, 1.01)

0.95 (0.92, 0.98)*

0.98 (0.94, 1.00)*

0.98 (0.94, 1.01)

Dist. to Rivers (per 100 m increase)

1.08 (0.92, 1.26)

1.19 (1.07, 1.32)***

1.23 (1.10, 1.37)**

1.06 (0.92, 1.22)

Dis. to Hlth. Center (per 100 m increase)

1.02 (1.00, 1.05)*

1.04 (1.02, 1.06)***

1.04 (1.02, 1.05)**

1.02 (1.00, 1.04)

Dist. to Boreholes (per 100 m increase)

0.97 (0.92, 1.03)

1.00 (0.96, 1.04)

0.99 (0.96, 1.04)

1.00 (0.96, 1.04)

Altitude (per 50 m increase)

0.53 (0.39, 0.73)***

0.56 (0.43, 0.73)***

0.57 (0.44, 0.73)***

0.61 (0.45, 0.81)***