The effect of parental rearing conditions on offspring life history in Anopheles stephensi

Malaria Journal

Table 1 The effects of parent food level, offspring food level and an interaction between them on the fitness components of emergence time, adult size, survival, blood meal size and fecundity. * = <0.05, = <0.01, * = <0.001, **** = <0.0001

	Fitness	Effects	Test Statistic	p	Significance
	component
1	Emergence time (days)
		Parental food	χ² = 2.7	0.09
		Offspring food	χ² = 699.7	<0.0001	***
		Gender	χ² = 41.4	<0.0001	***
		Parental*Offspring	χ² = 1.2	0.21
2	Size (wing length)
		Parental food	F_1,593 = 1.2	0.27
		Offspring food	F_1,594 = 2567	<0.0001	***
		Gender	F_1,594 = 900	<0.0001	***
		Parental*Offspring	F_1,592 = 0.7	0.39
3a	Survival (days)
		Parental food	χ² = 1.1	0.30
		Offspring food	χ² = 96.7	<0.0001	***
		Gender	χ² = 1.9	0.17
		Parental*Offspring	χ² = 1.1	0.30
3b	controlling for offspring adult size	Parental food	χ² = 0.8	0.38
		Offspring food	χ² = 62.9	<0.0001	***
		Gender	χ² = 1.6	0.20
		Parental*Offspring	χ² = 1.6	0.20
4a	Blood meal size (haematin)
		Parental food	F_1,13 = 3.29	0.09
		Offspring food	F_1,14 = 7.3	0.017	*
		Parental*Offspring	F_1,12 = 0.8	0.39
4b	controlling for offspring adult size	Parental food	F_1,12 = 3.1	0.1
		Offspring food	F_1,13 = 6.9	0.02	*
		Parental*Offspring	F_1,11 = 0.9	0.35
5a	Fecundity (egg number)
		Parental food	F_1,14 = 6.7	0.02	*
		Offspring food	F_1,13 = 3.2	0.096
		Parental*Offspring	F_1,12 = 2.5	0.13
5b	controlling for offspring adult size	Parental food	F_1,13 = 5.9	0.03	*
		Offspring food	F_1,12 = 3.0	0.1
		Parental*Offspring	F_1,11 = 2.4	0.14
5c	controlling for daughters blood meal size	Parental food	F_1,11 = 16.7	0.0018	**
		Offspring food	F_1,11 = 8.0	0.016	*
		Parental*Offspring	F_1,11 = 5.6	0.037	*

ISSN: 1475-2875