Evidence of increasing Leu-Phe knockdown resistance mutation in Anopheles gambiae from Niger following a nationwide long-lasting insecticide-treated nets implementation

Table 2 kdr-w allelic frequency in An. gambiae M forms by site, year and method of collection.

		2005		2006		2007		overall
Sites	Collection	n	freq kdr (%)	n	freq kdr (%)	n	freq kdr (%)	n	freq kdr (%)
Firgoune	ILC	24	0.00	5	0.00	21	14.29	50	6.00
	IRC	23	0.00	8	0.00	8	0.00	39	0.00
	total indoor	47	0.00	13	0.00	29	10.34	89	3.37
Banizoumbou	ILC	12	0.00	18	5.56	-		30	3.33
	IRC	35	0.00	24	2.08	26	7.69	85	2.94
	total indoor	47	0.00	42	3.57	26	7.69	115	3.04
Zindarou	ILC	22	0.00	52	0.96	50	5.00	124	2.42
	IRC	6	0.00	2	0.00	15	3.33	23	2.17
	total indoor	28	0.00	54	0.93	65	4.62	147	2.38
Maikogo	ILC	45	1.11	8	12.50	27	11.11	80	5.63
	IRC	15	0.00	7	7.14	7	0.00	29	1.72
	total indoor	60	0.83	15	10.00	34	8.82	109	4.59
Fararatt	ILC	35	0.00	15	0.00	7	14.29	57	1.75
	IRC	32	0.00	31	1.61	10	5.00	73	1.37
	total indoor	67	0.00	46	1.09	17	8.82	130	1.54
total	ILC	140	0.36	99	3.03	105	9.05	344	3.67
	IRC	111	0.00	72	2.08	40	2.50	223	1.81
	total indoor	251	0.20	171	2.63	145	7.24	567	2.88

The table presents data from the five sites analysed for the three years and with sufficient sample size. n: sample size. freq kdr: kdr-w allelic frequency (percentage). ILC: Indoor Landing Collections. IRC: Indoor Resting Collections

ISSN: 1475-2875