Table 2 Villagers' knowledge and practice related to djèkouadjo in Zatta and Adibrobo, central Côte d'Ivoire

Symptoms

   Fever

163 (70%)

119 (71%)

44 (69%)

0.1

0.75

   Loss of appetite

112 (48%)

90 (54%)

22 (34%)

6.8

0.009

   Headache

79 (34%)

63 (36%)

16 (25%)

3.2

0.073

   Yellow eyes

75 (32%)

54 (32%)

21 (33%)

0.0

0.922

   Yellow urine

66 (28%)

48 (29%)

18 (28%)

0.0

0.946

   Vomiting

29 (13%)

22 (13%)

7 (11%)

0.2

0.657

Perceived causes

   Sun

171 (74%)

126 (75%)

45 (70%)

0.5

0.469

   Mosquitoes

150 (65%)

118 (70%)

32 (50%)

8.3

0.004

   God

16 (7%)

12 (7%)

4 (6%)

0.0

0.960

   Sorcerer

13 (6%)

13 (8%)

0

3.9

0.048

   Ancestor

6 (3%)

6 (4%)

0

1.1

0.285

Actors approached for problem solving

   Family

187 (80%)

149 (89%)

38 (59%)

25.5

<0.001

   Individual

42 (18%)

25 (15%)

17 (27%)

4.3

0.039

   Village

25 (11%)

10 (6%)

15 (23%)

14.7

<0.001

Traditional treatment prescribed by

   Relatives

100 (46%)

82 (52%)

18 (30%)

8.6

0.003

   Traditional healer

59 (27%)

47 (30%)

12 (20%)

2.2

0.141

   Self-medication

56 (30%)

29 (19%)

27 (45%)

15.7

<0.001

   Friend

21 (10%)

15 (10%)

6 (10%)

0.0

0.921

Preferred treatment of the sick person

   Traditional

136 (59%)

107 (64%)

29 (45%)

6.5

0.011

   Modern

76 (33%)

46 (27%)

30 (47%)

8,0

0.005

   Don't know

16 (7%)

11 (7%)

5 (8%)

0.1

0.734

Diseases caused by mosquitoes

   Malaria

206 (89%)

155 (93%)

51 (80%)

8.3

0.004

   Pimples (wheals)

130 (56%)

103 (62%)

27 (42%)

6.9

0.009

   Fever

91 (39%)

67 (40%)

24 (38%)

0.1

0.740

   Itching

83 (36%)

66 (39%)

17 (25%)

3.3

0.071

   Does not know

8 (3%)

6 (4%)

2 (3%)

0.1

0.813

Measures against mosquitoes

   Removal of vegetation

137 (60%)

108 (65%)

29 (46%)

6.6

0.010

   Removal of stagnant water

106 (46%)

87 (52%)

19 (30%)

8.9

0.003

   Use of insecticides

55 (24%)

52 (31%)

3 (5%)

17.5

<0.001

   Bush fire

18 (8%)

18 (11%)

0

5.9

0.014