Figure 2
From: Multiple origins of resistance-conferring mutations in Plasmodium vivax dihydrofolate reductase
Network diagram of P. vivax dhfr and flanking. Note that only haplotypes with more than one isolate are included in the diagram. Coloured circles represent dhfr and flanking haplotypes; lines represent mutational steps connecting haplotypes, and black nodes represent hypothetical ancestral haplotypes or haplotypes present in the population but not sampled. Colour coding is as follows: wildtype, blue; 58R/117N, green; 117N, orange; 57L/58R, pink; 57L/61M/117T/173F, yellow; 58R/61M/117T, grey; 57I(L)/58R/61M/1117T, red. Note the wide separation between the Thai and Indonesian quadruple mutant alleles, and the triple and quadruple mutants from PNG and Vanuatu.