Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the volunteers.
Variable | Plasmodium vivax current infection | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Non-infected | Asymptomatic | Symptomatic | ||
(n = 80) | (n = 50) | (n = 74) | ||
Age – years* | 30 (23–44.5) | 44.5 (34.5–51) | 27.5 (21–37) | 0.0341† |
Malaria episodes referred* | 13.5 (11–18) | 17.5 (13–21) | 7 (1–13) | 0.0283† |
Time residing in the area – years | 0.0185‡ | |||
<2 | 25 (31.3%) | 8 (16%) | 31 (41.9%) | |
3–10 | 12 (15%) | 12 (24%) | 16 (21.6%) | |
>10 | 43 (53.7%) | 30 (60%) | 27 (36.5%) | |
Parasitaemia – parasites/μL | < 0.0001‡ | |||
ND§ | 80 (100%) | 3 (6%) § | 0 | |
100–<500 | 0 | 44 (88%) | 34 (45.9%) | |
500–<5,000 | 0 | 3 (6%) | 5 (6.8%) | |
5,000–<50,000 | 0 | 0 | 30 (40.5%) | |
>50,000 | 0 | 0 | 5 (6.8%) | |
IgG anti-SGS – O.D.* | 0.06 (0.04–0.09) | 0.13 (0.08–0.26) | 0.095 (0.07–0.14) | < 0.0001† |
Plasma IL-10 – pg/mL* | 12.6 (7.4–19.2) | 64.5 (7.3–86.0) | 23.4 (9.5–58.4) | NS† |
Plasma IFN-γ – pg/mL* | 14.2 (0–32.0) | 44.0 (10.5–101.0) | 75.5 (38.8–243.5) | NS† |