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Table 1 Characteristics of study participants at recruitment

From: Sickle cell trait (HbAS) and stunting in children below two years of age in an area of high malaria transmission

 

β-globin genotypea

 

HbAA (n = 692)

HbAS (n = 102)

Mean length/height-for-age z-score (sd)b

0.31 (± 1.22)

0.33 (± 1.11)

Clinical malaria (%)

  

   No

678 (98.1)

101 (98.0)

   Yes

13 (1.9)

1 (1.0)

Breastfeeding (%)

  

   Exclusively

594 (86.0)

94 (92.2)

   Non-exclusively

97 (14.0)

8 (7.8)

Mean birth-weight (sd), gc

2996 (± 471)

3085 (± 366)

Ethnic group (%)

  

   Ashanti

615 (89.4)

88 (86.3)

   Northerner

73 (10.6)

14 (13.7)

Mother's literacy (%)

  

   Literate

620 (90.6)

91 (91.0)

   Illiterate

64 (9.4)

9 (9.0)

Mosquito protection (%)

  

   None

290 (44.1)

54 (57.4)

   Bed netsd

234 (35.6)

29 (30.9)

   Screens

134 (20.4)

11 (11.7)

Financial situation (%)

  

   Good

458 (70.5)

66 (70.2)

   Poor

192 (29.5)

28 (29.8)

α+-thalassemia (%)

  

   wild type

506 (74.3)

76 (75.2)

   heterozygotes

159 (23.4)

22 (21.8)

   homozygote deletion

16 (2.3)

3 (3.0)

Study arm (%)

  

   IPTi

345 (49.9)

50 (49.0)

   Placebo

347 (50.1)

52 (51.0)

  1. sd, standard deviation.
  2. a missing values possible due to incomplete or unvalidated parameters.
  3. b n = 794.
  4. c n = 547.
  5. d treated and untreated bed nets.