Skip to main content

Table 2 Multivariate stationary and non-stationary spatial analyses results for P. falciparum parasitaemia for the region of Man, western Côte d'Ivoire.

From: Spatial risk profiling of Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in a high endemicity area in Côte d'Ivoire

Indicator

Bayesian negative binomial regression models

 

Stationary

 

Non-stationary with ecological subregions

Non-stationary with fixed subregions

 

IRRa

95% BCIb

IRRa

95% BCIb

IRRa

95% BCIb

Age (years)

      

   6-10

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

   11-16

0.72

0.60, 0.85

0.71

0.60, 0.83

0.71

0.59, 0.83

Socioeconomic status

      

   Most poor

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

   Very poor

1.02

0.77, 1.33

1.00

0.75, 1.29

1.01

0.77, 1.30

   Poor

0.97

0.74, 1.26

0.96

0.73, 1.24

0.97

0.74, 1.25

   Less poor

1.14

0.85, 1.51

1.09

0.82, 1.43

1.10

0.83, 1.43

   Least poor

1.08

0.79, 1.44

1.04

0.76, 1.39

1.03

0.76, 1.37

Sleeping under a bed net

0.86

0.63, 1.14

0.88

0.65, 1.17

0.87

0.65, 1.16

Bed net coverage (%)

      

   < 25

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

   ≥ 25

0.51

0.24, 0.98

0.49

0.27, 0.82

0.50

0.26, 0.90

Presence of swamps for rice cultivation

1.11

0.71, 1.63

1.23

0.80, 1.77

1.13

0.73, 1.67

Distance to irrigated field (m)

      

   < 500

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

   500-999

0.74

0.17, 2.23

0.66

0.23, 1.48

0.64

0.21, 1.59

   ≥ 1000

0.92

0.35, 2.14

0.95

0.47, 1.74

0.89

0.39, 1.76

Presence of pasture

0.99

0.57, 1.59

0.88

0.57, 1.32

0.92

0.58, 1.43

NDVI (categorized)

      

   < 0.65

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

   0.65-0.70

1.42

0.81, 2.43

1.57

0.95, 2.40

1.61

0.97, 2.49

   > 0.70

0.76

0.42, 1.33

0.78

0.46, 1.24

0.78

0.46, 1.24

Mean rainfall during transmission season

1.28

1.00, 1.61

1.24

1.01, 1.51

1.20

0.95 1.54

Maximum LST

0.93

0.75, 1.15

0.95

0.76, 1.15

0.93

0.72, 1.16

Distance to rivers (m)

      

   < 500

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

   500-999

1.13

0.68, 1.74

1.08

0.73, 1.56

1.03

0.66, 1.56

   ≥ 1000

0.72

0.44, 1.09

0.71

0.46, 1.08

0.63

0.42, 0.94

r c

0.16

0.16, 0.17

0.16

0.16, 0.17

0.16

0.16, 0.17

ρ 1 d

0.0016

0.0005, 0.003

0.0014

0.0002, 0.002

0.0013

0.0002, 0.002

ρ 2

  

0.0016

0.0005, 0.003

0.0016

0.0005, 0.003

ρ 3

  

0.0013

0.0002, 0.002

  

σ 1 2e

0.33

0.17, 0.57

0.14

0.02, 0.39

0.13

0.02, 0.39

σ 2 2

  

1.20

0.40, 3.08

0.58

0.26, 1.16

σ 3 2

  

0.21

0.03, 0.60

  

DIC f

46,047.4

 

46,044.9

 

46,045.3

 
  1. aIRR: incidence-rate ratio; bBCI: Bayesian credible interval; cr: over-dispersion parameter; dρ: scalar parameter representing the rate of decline of correlation with distance between points; eσ2: estimate of geographic variability; fDIC: deviance information criterion; a composite measure of how well the model does, i.e. a compromise between fit and complexity, with smaller DICs indicating better performance of the model.