Infection of the malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, with two species of entomopathogenic fungi: effects of concentration, co-formulation, exposure time and persistence

Table 3 Kaplan-Meier pair wise comparisons of the median survival times (MST) of An. gambiae s.s. females exposed to M. anisopliae ICIPE-30 and B. bassiana I93-825 (IMI 391510) for different exposure times (15 min, 30 min, 1 h and 6 h).

Exposure time	MST ± SE	15 min	30 min	1 h	6 h
*M. anisopliae*
Control	13 ± 0.32	χ² = 124.1	χ² = 154.65	χ² = 149.59	χ² = 150.98
		p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*
15 min	6 ± 0.32		χ² = 36.89	χ² = 26.07	χ = 28.39
			p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*
30 min	5 ± 0.37			χ² = 1.15	χ² = 0.57
				p = 0.28	p = 0.44
1 h	5 ± 0.43				χ² = 0.86
					p = 0.77
*B. bassiana*
Control	13 ± 0.32	χ² = 118.5	χ² = 97.98	χ² = 79.84	χ² = 103.81
		p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*
15 min	6 ± 0.17		χ² = 42.68	χ² = 16.28	χ² = 14.97
			p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*
30 min	5 ± 0.11			χ² = 0.50,	χ² = 0.29
				p = 0.23	p = 0.59
1 h	5 ± 0.10				χ² = 0.06
					p = 0.81

ISSN: 1475-2875