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Table 1 Frequency (%) of the Pfdhfr (codons 51, 59 and 108), Pfdhps (codons 437 and 540), Pfcrt (codons 76 and 75), Pdmdr 1 (codons 86 and 1246) genotypes and multiple mutations in first and second assay periods.

From: Analysis of genetic mutations associated with anti-malarial drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum from the Democratic Republic of East Timor

Gene

Codon

Period 1

(2003–2004)

Period 2

(2004–2005)

(N = 38)

(%)

(N = 74)

(%)

Pfcrt

75

    
 

(wild-type) N

16

100

27

56

 

(Mutant) E

0

0

6

13

 

N + E

0

0

15

31

 

Not determined

22

 

22

 
 

76

    
 

(wild-type) K

1

3

0

0

 

(Mutant) T

32

97

59

100

 

K + T

0

0

0

0

 

Not determined

5

 

15

 

Pfmdr1

86

    
 

(wild-type) N

8

24

18

27

 

(Mutant) Y

13

38

37

56

 

N + Y

13

38

11

17

 

Not determined

4

 

8

 
 

1246

    
 

(wild-type) D

32

100

64

97

 

(Mutant) Y

0

0

0

0

 

D + Y

0

0

2

3

 

Not determined

6

 

8

 

Pfdhfr

51

    
 

(wild-type) N

9

24

8

11

 

(Mutant) I

25

66

66

89

 

N + I

4

10

0

0

 

Not determined

0

 

0

 
 

59

    
 

(wild-type) C

11

29

9

14

 

(Mutant) R

24

63

53

84

 

C + R

3

8

1

2

 

Not determined

0

 

11

 
 

108

    
 

(wild-type) S

0

0

2

3

 

(Mutant) N

28

100

62

97

 

S + N

0

0

0

0

 

Not determined

10

 

10

 

Pfdhps

437

    
 

(wild-type) A

14

40

0

0

 

(Mutant) G

21

60

67

100

 

A + G

0

0

0

0

 

Not determined

3

 

7

 
 

540

    
 

(wild-type) K

34

97

67

100

 

(Mutant) E

1

3

0

0

 

K + E

0

0

0

0

 

Not determined

3

 

7

 

Multiple mutations

     
 

dhfr 51I+108N

19

68

60

97

 

dhfr 59R+108N

17

61

52

84

 

dhfr 51I +59R+108N

16

57

53

86

 

dhfr 51I +59R+108N+dhps 437G

13

46

51

82