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Table 1 Micronutrient status in relation to age, inflammation and Plasmodium infection

From: Effect of nutrient deficiencies on in vitro Th1 and Th2 cytokine response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to Plasmodium falciparum infection

 

Zinc deficient

Magnesium deficiency

Iron deficiency anaemia

 

Prevalence

p

Yes

No

p

Present

Absent*

p

Age

  

0.03

  

0.02

  

< 0.01

   6-12 months

48%

[12/25]

 

60%

[15/25]

 

63%

[5/8]

 

   12-24 months

29%

[14/48]

 

48%

[23/48]

 

76%

[16/21]

 

   24-48 months

50%

[60/119]

 

66%

[78/119]

 

8%

[4/52]

 

   48-72 months

55%

[58/106]

 

74%

[78/106]

 

4%

[3/85]

 

Inflammation

  

0.22

  

0.30

  

0.80

   Present

43%

[43/100]

 

61%

[61/100]

 

14%

[5/35]

 

   Absent

51%

[101/197]

 

68%

[133/197]

 

18%

[23/130]

 

Plasmodium infection

  

0.49

  

0.63

  

< 0.001

   Present

46%

[63/137]

 

66%

[107/161]

 

4%

[2/55]

 

   Absent

50%

[81/161]

 

64%

[87/137]

 

23%

[26/111]

 
  1. Values indicate prevalence [n/n]. P-values obtained by Chi-square test or Fischer's Exact test.
  2. * Absence of iron deficiency defined as being non-anaemic and not being iron deficient. Total sample size was 304; summed numbers below this value is due to missing observations.
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Malaria Journal

ISSN: 1475-2875

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