Impact of promoting longer-lasting insecticide treatment of bed nets upon malaria transmission in a rural Tanzanian setting with pre-existing high coverage of untreated nets

Table 2 Differences in the historical and recent estimates of sporozoite prevalence (S), biting rate (B) and entomological inoculation rate (EIR) for the Anopheles gambiae complex, Anopheles funestu s and overall

Year	OR^aor RR^b[95% CI]	p value
*Sporozoite prevalence (S)* ^a
*A. gambiae* complex
1990-1994^c	1.00	NA
2001-2003^d	0.450 [0.392, 0.518]	<0.0001
2008	0.128 [0.075, 0.218]	<0.0001
*A. funestus*
1990-1994^c	1.00	NA
2001-2003^d	0.716 [0.609, 0.842]	<0.0001
2008	0.735 [0.377, 1.432]	0.366
Overall
1990-1994^c	1.00	NA
2001-2003^d	0.530 [0.477, 0.589]	<0.0001
2008	0.185 [0.122, 0.281]	<0.0001
*Bites per person per night (B)* ^b
*A. gambiae* complex
1990-1994^c	1.00	NA
2001-2003^d	0.486 [0.241, 0.983]	0.044
2008	0.405 [0.200, 0.821]	0.012
*A. funestus*
1990-1994^c	1.00	NA
2001-2003^d	0.396 [0.233, 0.673]	0.0006
2008	0.072 [0.024, 0.214]	<0.0001
Overall
1990-1994^c	1.00	NA
2001-2003^d	0.474 [0.250, 0.899]	0.022
2008	0.359 [0.188, 0.686]	0.0019
*Entomological inoculation rate (EIR)* ^b
*A. gambiae* complex
1990-1994^c	1.00	NA
2001-2003^d	0.214 [0.075, 0.612]	0.004
2008	0.061 [0.021, 0.176]	<0.0001
*A. funestus*
1990-1994^c	1.00	NA
2001-2003^d	0.241 [0.052, 1.100]	0.066
2008	0.039 [0.008, 0.188]	<0.0001
Overall
1990-1994^c	1.00	NA
2001-2003^d	0.218 [0.089, 0.531]	0.0008
2008	0.057 [0.023, 0.141]	<0.0001

Village-level data were compared with a generalise linear model (GLM) using a binomial distribution with identity logit link for S and a negative binomial distribution with log link for B and EIR.
^aOdds Ratio,
^bRelative Rate,
^c[29–34], ^d [22]

ISSN: 1475-2875