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Table 2 Comparative performance of Rapid Diagnostic Test kits (Parascreen, Falcivax, Malascan, First Response and ParaHIT Total) with traditional light microscopy and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for diagnosis of Malaria

From: Field and laboratory comparative evaluation of rapid malaria diagnostic tests versus traditional and molecular techniques in India

 

Parascreen

Falcivax

Malascan

First Response

ParaHIT Total

Light Microscopy as Gold Standard (Reference)

Sensitivity

93.2

88.4

90.5

95.8

65.8

(95% CI)

(88.6-96.3)

(83.0-92.6)

(85.4-94.3)

(91.9-98.2)

(58.6-72.5)

Specificity

64.3

64.8

60.4

58.8

76.9

(95% CI)

(56.9-71.2)

(57.4-71.8)

(52.9-67.6)

(51.3-66.0)

(70.1-82.8)

Positive Likelihood Ratio

2.6

2.5

2.3

2.3

2.9

(95% CI)

(2.1-3.2)

(2.1-3.1)

(1.9-2.8)

(1.9-2.8)

(2.2-3.8)

Negative Likelihood Ratio

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.44

(95% CI)

(0.1-0.2)

(0.1-0.3)

(0.1-0.3)

(0.04-0.14)

(0.36-0.55)

Positive Predictive Value

73.1

72.4

70.5

70.8

74.9

(95% CI)

(67.1-78.6)

(67.2-78.1)

(64.3-76.1)

(64.8-76.3)

(67.6-81.2)

Negative Predictive Value

90.0

84.3

85.9

93.0

68.3

(95% CI)

(83.5-94.6)

(77.2-89.9)

(78.7-91.4)

(86.8-96.9)

(61.4-74.6)

Percentage Agreement (Accuracy)

79.0

76.9

75.8

77.7

71.2

Kappa

0.58

0.53

0.51

0.55

0.43

PCR as Gold Standard (Reference)

Sensitivity

86.6

83.1

85.7

89.2

61.0

(95% CI)

(81.5-90.7)

(77.7-87.7)

(80.5-90.0)

(84.4-92.9)

(54.4-67.4)

Specificity

73.7

75.2

70.7

67.7

85.0

(95% CI)

(65.3-80.9)

(67.0-82.3)

(62.2-78.2)

(59.0-75.5)

(77.7-90.6)

Positive Likelihood Ratio

3.3

3.4

2.9

2.8

4.1

(95% CI)

(2.5-4.4)

(2.5-4.5)

(2.2-3.8)

(2.2-3.5)

(2.7-6.2)

Negative Likelihood Ratio

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.46

(95% CI)

(0.1-0.3)

(0.2-0.3)

(0.1-0.3)

(0.11-0.24)

(0.38-0.55)

Positive Predictive Value

85.1

85.3

83.5

82.7

87.6

(95% CI)

(79.9-89.4)

(80.0-89.7)

(78.2-88.0)

(77.5-87.2)

(81.5-92.2)

Negative Predictive Value

76.0

71.9

74.0

78.3

55.7

(95% CI)

(67.7-83.1)

(63.7-79.2)

(65.5-81.4)

(69.6-85.4)

(48.5-62.6)

Percentage Agreement (Accuracy)

81.9

80.2

80.2

81.3

69.8

Kappa

0.61

0.58

0.57

0.59

0.41