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Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of exposure groups at enrolment and anti-malarial treatment during current pregnancy

From: Safety of artemether-lumefantrine in pregnant women with malaria: results of a prospective cohort study in Zambia

 

Exposure groups*

Total

 

Artemether-lumefantrine

(N = 495)

Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine

(N = 506)

(N = 1001)

Age - n (%)

   <20 years

79 (16.0)

81 (16.0)

160 (16.0)

   20-24 years

167 (33.7)

151 (29.8)

318 (31.8)

   25-29 years

144 (29.1)

148 (29.2)

292 (29.2)

   30-39 years

101 (20.4)

119 (23.5)

220 (22.0)

   ≥ 40 years

4 (0.8)

7 (1.4)

11 (1.1)

Time of index malaria episode relative to LMP - n (%)

   

   Before LMP

0 (0)

2 (0.4)

2 (0.2)

   Date of LMP to 12 weeks

145 (29.3)

115 (22.7)

260 (26.0)

   >12 to 24 weeks

169 (34.1)

205 (40.5)

374 (37.4)

   >24 weeks

162 (32.7)

161 (31.8)

323 (32.3)

   LMP incomplete/unknown

19 (3.8)

23 (4.5)

42 (4.2)

Treatment courses during first trimester including IPT with SP - n (%)

   

   Only AL

142 (28.7)

5 (1.0)

147 (14.7)

   Only SP

7 (1.4)

120 (23.7)

127 (12.7)

   AL and SP

8 (1.6)

1 (0.2)

9 (0.9)

   SP plus quinine

0 (0)

2 (0.4)

2 (0.2)

   Only quinine

2 (0.4)

2 (0.4)

4 (0.4)

   None (including unknown LMP date)

336 (67.9)

376 (74.3)

712 (71.1)

Treatment received during current pregnancy **- n (%)

(N = 473)

(N = 478)

(N = 951)

   Only AL or SP

51 (10.8)

449 (93.9)

500 (52.6)

   Both AL and SP

412 (87.1)

13 (2.7)

425 (44.7)

   AL or SP plus quinine

1 (0.2)

13 (2.7)

14 (1.5)

   Both AL and SP plus quinine

9 (1.9)

3 (0.6)

12 (1.3)

Alcohol status (current)

(N = 495)

(N = 506)

(N = 1001)

   Non-drinker

441 (89.1)

437 (86.4)

878 (87.7)

   Drinker

14 (2.8)

17 (3.4)

31 (3.1)

   Unknown

40 (8.1)

52 (10.3)

92 (9.2)

Alcohol intake frequency

   

   Low

11 (2.2)

11 (2.2)

22 (2.2)

   Medium

3 (0.6)

5 (1.0)

8 (0.8)

   High

0

1 (0.2)

1 (0.1)

Tobacco smoking history (current)

   

   Non-smoker

455 (91.9)

454 (89.7)

909 (90.8)

   Smoker

0

0

0

   Unknown

40 (8.1)

52 (10.3)

92 (9.2)

  1. Enrolled population: pregnant women who gave informed consent.
  2. *Exposure groups represent the treatment given to the pregnant woman for the falciparum malaria episode that had occurred most recently prior to enrolment (index episode).
  3. ** Data from women with known delivery status.
  4. AL = artemether-lumefantrine
  5. IPT = intermittent preventive treatment (with SP)
  6. LMP = last menstrual period
  7. SP = sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine