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Table 3 Comparison of nested PCR assays using blood, saliva and urine samples with microscopy results as reference.

From: Comparative detection of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum DNA in saliva and urine samples from symptomatic malaria patients in a low endemic area

 

Microscopy (%)

Nested PCR

P. falciparum

P. vivax

 

Positive (n = 54)

Negative (n = 66)

Positive (n = 50)

Negative (n = 70)

Blood

    

   Positive

54 (100)

15 (22.7)

50 (100)

13 (18.6)

   Negative

0

51 (77.3)

0

57 (81.4)

Saliva (in ethanol)

    

   Positive

35 (64.8)

4 (6.1)

40 (80.0)

4 (5.7)

   Negative

19 (35.2)

62 (93.9)

10 (20.0)

66 (94.3)

Saliva (on ice)

    

   Positive

24 (44.4)

2 (3.0)

18 (36.0)

2 (2.9)

   Negative

30 (55.6)

64 (97.0)

32 (64.0)

68 (97.1)

Saliva (all)

    

   Positive

40 (74.1)

5 (7.6)

42 (84.0)

6 (8.6)

   Negative

14 (25.9)

61 (92.4)

8 (16.0)

64 (91.4)

Urine (in ethanol)

    

   Positive

20 (37.0)

0

10 (20.0)

0

   Negative

34 (63.0)

66 (100)

40 (80.0)

70 (100)

Urine (on ice)

    

   Positive

9 (16.7)

1 (1.5)

8 (16.0)

0

   Negative

45 (83.3)

65 (98.5)

42 (84.0)

70 (100)

Urine (all)

    

   Positive

24 (44.4)

1 (1.5)

17 (34.0)

0

   Negative

30 (55.6)

65 (98.5)

33 (66.0)

70 (100)