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Table 3 Common errors by HW participating by HW participating to the external quality assessment according to different provinces of DRC

From: SMS photograph-based external quality assessment of reading and interpretation of malaria rapid diagnostic tests in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Type of error

Photograph

Line

Bandundu

Kinshasa

Bas-Congo

Equateur

K. Occidental

K. Oriental

Katanga

Maniema

Province Orientale

Sud Kivu

C

Pan

P.f.

(n = 61)

(n = 284)

(n = 522)

(n = 185)

(n = 454)

(n = 361)

(n = 81)

(n = 128)

(n = 181)

(n = 87)

Faint and weak lines overlooked

A

+

-

F

24.6

16.5

38.7

28.6

22.9

29.6

32.1

28.9

34.3

32.2

D

+

F

S

8.2

15.5

19.5

18.4

13.9

44.3

25.9

42.2

30.9

35.6

F

+

-

W

1.6

0.0

2.3

3.2

1.5

6.1

6.2

5.5

8.8

2.3

H

+

F

-

1.6

0.0

0.8

2.2

2.0

1.1

1.2

2.3

5.0

0.0

Failure to distinguish the correct Plasmodium species

D

+

F

S

0.0

2.5

2.7

3.2

2.2

4.7

13.6

1.6

3.9

6.9

F

+

-

W

0.0

0.4

4.4

9.2

6.2

15.0

7.4

12.5

6.1

10.3

H

+

-

M

0.0

0.7

3.8

7.6

4.8

5.0

9.9

10.9

2.8

9.2

I

+

S

S

0.0

0.7

4.2

4.3

1.8

2.2

7.4

13.3

3.9

2.3

Missing negative test

B

+

-

-

0.0

3.2

7.5

5.9

15.4

14.7

7.4

18.0

6.6

12.6

E

+

-

-

3.3

3.9

7.1

8.1

17.6

19.4

8.6

21.9

18.2

9.2

Missing invalid test

C

-

-

-

4,9

1.4

13.4

5.4

8.4

7.8

4.9

12.5

10.5

5.7

J

-

-

S

6,6

8.5

25.5

20.5

30.8

17.2

9.9

55.5

18.8

44.8

  1. The proportions present the % of HW who made errors.
  2. Abbreviations and symbols: C control line, Pan Plasmodium spp. (all four species), P.f. Plasmodium falciparum, negative (no line present), + positive (visible control line present), F faint positive line intensity compared to the control line, M medium positive line intensity compared to the control line, W weak positive line intensity compared to the control line, S strong positive line intensity compared to the control line.