Evaluation of sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine for intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy: a retrospective birth outcomes study in Mansa, Zambia

Table 5 Unadjusted trend analysis: SP ^a -IPTp ^b doses (continuous variable) associated with outcomes of interest

Outcome	Trend prevalence ratio estimate (95% CI ^c )	Trend p-value
Placental infection^d
All gravidity	0.87 (0.77-0.99)	0.03
Paucigravid	0.84 (0.72-0.97)	0.02
Multigravid	0.91 (0.73-1.12)	0.37
Low birth weight (<2,500 g)
All gravidity	0.59 (0.43-0.81)	<0.01
Paucigravid	0.50 (0.29-0.85)	0.01
Multigravid	0.62 (0.42-0.90)	0.01
Preterm (<37 weeks)
All gravidity	0.65 (0.51-0.81)	<0.01
Paucigravid	0.82 (0.60-1.12)	0.21
Multigravid	0.47 (0.33-0.66)	<0.01
Small for gestational age
All gravidity	0.93 (0.75-1.15)	0.49
Paucigravid	0.99 (0.74-1.32)	0.94
Multigravid	0.85 (0.62-1.17)	0.32
Composite birth outcome^e
All gravidity	0.80 (0.70-0.92)	<0.01
Paucigravid	0.92 (0.76-1.11)	0.37
Multigravid	0.67 (0.54-0.84)	<0.01
Anemia (Hb <11 g/dl)
All gravidity	0.93 (0.82-1.05)	0.24
Paucigravid	0.84 (0.72-0.99)	0.04
Multigravid	1.03 (0.86-1.23)	0.74
Any infection^f
All gravidity	0.87 (0.77-0.98)	0.03
Paucigravid	0.84 (0.72-0.96)	0.01
Multigravid	0.91 (0.74-1.12)	0.38

^aSP = sulphadoxine pyrimethamine.
^bIPTp = intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in pregnancy.
^cCI = 95% confidence interval.
^dPlacental infection outcome: histopathology classes 1–4 vs class 5.
^eComposite birth outcome defined as infants born with any of: LBW, SGA, or preterm.
^fAny infection defined as pathology classes 1–4, blood smear positive (maternal, placental or cord blood).

ISSN: 1475-2875