Skip to main content

Table 5 Haplotypes for CQ and SP resistance markers combined at the 2001 (Asembo) and 2007 (Asembo, Gem, and Karemo) western Kenya surveys

From: Assessment of molecular markers for anti-malarial drug resistance after the introduction and scale-up of malaria control interventions in western Kenya

CQ and SP haplotype a

crt 76

mdr1 86

dhfr 51

dhfr 59

dhfr 108

dhps 437

dhps 540

No. mutations

Asembo 2001* N (%) (n = 111)

Asembo 2007, N (%) (n = 18)

Gem 2007, N (%) (n = 31)

Karemo 2007, N (%) (n = 22)

Wild type

K aaa

N aat

N aat

C tgt

S agc

A gct

K aaa

     

Mutant

T aca

Y tat

I att

R cgt

N aac

G ggt

E gaa

     
 

K

N

I

C

N

A

K

2

1 (1)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

T

N

I

C

N

A

K

3

1 (1)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

T

Y

I

C

N

A

K

4

3 (3)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

T

Y

N

R

N

A

K

4

1 (1)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

K

Y

I

R

N

A

K

4

1 (1)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

T

N

I

R

N

A

K

4

2 (2)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

T

N

I

C

N

G

K

4

1 (1)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

T

N

N

R

N

G

K

4

2 (2)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

K

N

I

R

N

G

K

4

0 (0)

0 (0)

1 (3)

0 (0)

 

K

N

I

C

N

G

E

4

1 (1)

1 (6)

1 (3)

0 (0)

 

T

Y

I

R

N

G

K

5

2 (2)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

T

Y

I

C

N

G

K

5

2 (2)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

K

Y

I

R

N

G

K

5

1 (1)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

T

N

I

R

N

G

K

5

1 (1)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

K

Y

I

C

N

G

E

5

3 (3)

0 (0)

2 (7)

1 (5)

 

T

N

I

C

N

G

E

5

7 (6)

0 (0)

3 (10)

1 (5)

 

T

N

N

R

N

G

E

5

4 (4)

1 (6)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

K

N

I

R

N

G

E

5

3 (3)

0 (0)

0 (0)

1 (5)

 

T

Y

I

R

N

G

K

6

4 (4)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

T

Y

I

R

N

A

E

6

0 (0)

1 (6)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

T

Y

N

R

N

G

E

6

5 (5)

1 (6)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 

T

Y

I

C

N

G

E

6

11 (10)

2 (11)

1 (3)

3 (14)

 

K

Y

I

R

N

G

E

6

1 (1)

0 (0)

0 (0)

3 (14)

 

T

N

I

R

N

G

E

6

23 (21)

5 (28)

8 (26)

4 (18)

 

T

Y

I

R

N

G

E

7

31 (28)

7 (39)

15 (48)

9 (41)

  1. Note. CQ = chloroquine; SP = sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine; No. = number. Wild type amino acids are shown in normal font, while mutated amino acids are depicted in bold font. All samples were single infection for the microsatellite marker poly-α.
  2. aThe construction of the CQ-SP haplotype included pfcrt-76, pfmdr1 -86, dhfr-51, 59, 108, and dhps-437, 540.
  3. *Data are derived from a previous study [17].