Table 2 Demographic, clinical and laboratory test characteristics of pregnant women infected with HIV ^{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

Demographic Characteristics

Age in years, mean ± SD

29.4 ± 7.2

28.5 ± 6.0

0.6

<20

20 (6.7%)

1 (4.0%)

20–24

68 (22.3%)

7 (28.0%)

0.6

> = 25

217 (71.0%)

17 (68.0%)

LBW (<2500gr)

12 (48.0%)

106 (34.6%)

0.2

Single women as parents of soldiers, (%)

4 (16.0%)

273 (10.8%)

3.5 (1.1-11.2)

0.04

Occupation, (%)

Housewives without income

21 (84.0%)

273 (89.2%)

0.4

Number of previous pregnancies, (%)

Primigravidae

6 (24.0%)

71 (23.3%)

Multigravidae

19 (76.0%)

234 (76.7%)

0.9

Number of children, (%)

<3

16 (64.0%)

166 (55.5%)

0.4

> = 3

9 (36.0%)

133 (44.5%)

Number of abortion, (%)

No abortion

10 (40.0%)

87 (28.3%)

Abortion

15 (60.0%)

220 (71.7%)

0.2

Trimester of visit, (%)

First-trimester

12 (48.0%)

151 (49.2%)

Second-trimester

8 (32.0%)

80 (26.1%)

0.7

Third-trimester

5 (6.2%)

76 (24.8%)

District of Kinshasa, (%)

Rural for Lukunga

4 (16.0%)

88 (28.7%)

1

Semi-urban for Amba

4 (16.0%)

17 (5.5%)

10.6 (1.8-62.7)

Urban for Funa

17 (68.0%)

202 (65.8%)

2.9 (0.8-10.6)

0.03

Examination findings

Fever, (%)

20 (80.0%)

5 (34.0%)

9.4 (2.9-30.0)

<0.001

Body aches, (%)

1 (4.0%)

37 (12.1%)

0.3

Headaches, (%)

5 (10.2%)

20 (7.1%)

0.4

Digestive disorders, (%)

2 (8.0%)

33 (10.8%)

0.7

Nausea and vomiting, (%)

2 (8.0%)

23 (7.5%)

0.9

Respiratory infection, (%)

12 (48.0%)

120 (39.1%)

0.4

Bleeding, (%)

0

23 (7.5%)

0.2

Placenta previa, (%)

3 (12.0%)

27 (8.8%)

11.9 (1.4-104.5)

<0.0001

Urinary tract infection, (%)

14 (56.0%)

208 (67.8%)

0.2

Laboratory tests

Haemoglobin (g/dL), mean ± SD

11.8 ± 4.8

13.8 ± 4.4

0.04

Anaemia (haemoglobin < 11 g/dL), %⁴

16 (64.0%)

92 (30.0%)

4.1 (1.6-10.8)

<0.001