|
Demographics
| | | | |
|
Child’s sex: Female
|
652 (44.7)
|
306 (44.7)
|
346 (51.1)
|
0.017
|
|
Age in years (Mean ± SD) (Median)
|
35.4 ± 34 (34)
|
3.1 ± 2.1 (2.9)
|
2.8 ± 1.6 (2.8)
|
0.012
|
|
Age (years)
| | | |
<0.001
|
|
≤2 yr
|
501 (36.8)
|
256 (37.4)
|
245 (36.2)
| |
|
3-4 yr
|
721 (53.0)
|
335 (49.0)
|
386 (57.1)
| |
|
≥5 yr
|
138 (10.1)
|
93 (13.6)
|
45 (6.7)
| |
|
Uses water from unimproved sourcesi
|
171 (12.6)
|
26 (3.8)
|
145 (21.4)
|
<0.001
|
|
Primary caregiver’s characteristics
| | | | |
|
Education
| | | |
<0.001
|
|
College/university
|
159 (11.7)
|
101 (14.8)
|
58 (8.6)
| |
|
Secondary
|
425 (31.2)
|
273 (39.9)
|
152 (22.5)
| |
|
At most primary
|
777 (57.1)
|
310 (45.3)
|
467 (69.0)
| |
|
Monthly income
| | | |
<0.001
|
|
≤$50
|
550 (40.4)
|
189 (27.6)
|
361 (53.3)
| |
|
$50-100
|
495 (36.4)
|
275 (40.2)
|
220 (32.5)
| |
|
>$100
|
316 (23.2)
|
220 (32.2)
|
96 (14.2)
| |
|
Children’s clinical presentations
| | | | |
|
Malnutrition
| | | | |
|
MUAC < 12.5
|
40 (2.9)
|
15 (2.2)
|
25 (3.7)
|
0.087
|
|
Wasting (WHZ < −2)ii
|
193 (15.9)
|
115 (19.5)
|
78 (12.4)
|
0.001
|
|
Stunted (HAZ < −2)ii
|
181 (14.5)
|
83 (13.6)
|
98 (15.4)
|
0.272
|
|
Underweight (WAZ < −2)iii
|
127 (10.2)
|
52 (8.5)
|
75 (11.8)
|
0.044
|
|
Temperature (°C)
| | | |
<0.001
|
|
37.5-37.9
|
205 (15.1)
|
138 (20.1)
|
67 (9.9)
| |
|
38.0-38.9
|
626 (46.0)
|
308 (45.0)
|
318 (47.0)
| |
|
39.0-39.9
|
441 (32.4)
|
202 (29.5)
|
239 (35.3)
| |
|
> = 40.0
|
90 (6.6)
|
37 (5.4)
|
53 (7.8)
| |
|
High grade fever (>39°C)
|
468 (34.4)
|
206 (30.1)
|
262 (38.7)
|
0.001
|
|
≥IMCI danger sign(s) presentiv
|
466 (34.2)
|
110 (16.1)
|
356 (52.6)
|
<0.001
|
|
Unable to drink/breastfeed
|
198
|
14
|
184
| |
|
Vomits everything
|
271
|
62
|
209
| |
|
Convulsions
|
81
|
30
|
51
| |
|
Lethargic/unconscious
|
113
|
43
|
70
| |
|
Past clinical history
| | | | |
|
Has had fever lasting ≥7 days
| |
263 (38.4)
|
79 (11.8)
|
<0.001
|
|
Sought healthcare elsewhere
|
388 (28.5)
|
232 (33.9)
|
156 (23.0)
|
<0.001
|
|
Taken anti-malarials last 7 days
|
192 (14.1)
|
86 (12.6)
|
106 (15.7)
|
0.1000
|
|
Taken antibiotics last 7 days
|
84 (6.2)
|
52 (7.6)
|
32 (4.7)
|
0.024
|
|
Not received all age-appropriate vaccines
|
324 (23.8)
|
11 (11.8)
|
243 (35.9%)
|
<0.001
|
|
Laboratory results
| | | | |
|
Mother HIV -infectedv
|
151 (11.4)
|
22 (3.3)
|
129 (19.5)
|
<0.001
|
|
Child HIV-infectedvi
|
39 (2.9)
|
9 (1.3)
|
30 (4.5)
|
0.001
|
|
Malaria (smear or RDT)
|
356 (26.1)
|
46 (6.7)
|
310 (45.8)
|
<0.001
|
|
Bacteraemia
|
52 (3.8)
|
27 (3.9)
|
25 (3.7)
|
0.811
|
