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Figure 5 | Malaria Journal

Figure 5

From: Studying the effect of chloroquine on sporozoite-induced protection and immune responses in Plasmodium berghei malaria

Figure 5

Sporozoite specific cytokine responses following sporozoite immunization under CQ or MQ cover . Percentages of IFNγ producing memory T cells were measured in CPS-CQ (n = 10), CPS-MQ (n-9), naïve-CQ (n = 10), naïve-MQ (n = 10) and no-drug naïve controls (n = 10) a day before challenge by intracellular staining after re-exposure of (A) liver and (B) spleen cells to P. berghei sporozoites (PbSPZ) or infected red blood cells (PbiRBC). Responses of CD4+ T cells (open area), CD8+ T cells (grey area) and CD4−CD8− T cells (dotted area) relative to total memory CD3+ T cell responses are presented. (C) Hepatic IFNγ and IL-2 responses of memory T cells after re-exposure to PbSPZ and PbiRBC are presented similarly. Background responses to salivary glands and uninfected red blood cells were subtracted from PbSPZ and PbiRBC responses respectively for each individual mouse. Error bars represent standard error of the mean. NS = not significant.

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