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Table 2 Anopheles species, number of mosquitoes tested positive for Plasmodium DNA/number of individuals tested for infection (+/n), frequency (%) of infected Anopheles , PCR method (real-time and conventional PCR) and the parasite species per landscape, Atlantic forest, Brazil, August-November 2012

From: Plasmodium falciparum in the southeastern Atlantic forest: a challenge to the bromeliad-malaria paradigm?

Landscape

Species a

Real-time PCR +/n (%)

PCR +/n (%)

Parasite species b

1-A

An. cruzii

0/6 (0.0)

-

-

An. fluminensis

0/3 (0.0)

-

-

An. strodei

1/72 (1.4)

0/1 (0.0)

P. falciparum

An. triannulatus

1/12 (8.3)

0/1 (0.0)

P. falciparum

Subtotal

2/93 (2.15)

0/2 (0.0)

-

1-B

An. cruzii

0/22 (0.0)

-

-

An. bellator

0/9 (0.0)

-

-

Subtotal

0/31 (0.0)

-

-

1-C

An. cruzii

0/1 (0.0)

-

-

Subtotal

0/1 (0.0)

-

-

2

An. albitarsis

0/14 (0.0)

-

-

Subtotal

0/14 (0.0)

-

-

3

An. albitarsis

0/1 (0.0)

-

-

An. cruzii

0/20 (0.0)

-

-

An. galvaoi

1/48 (2.1)

1/1 (100.0)

P. falciparum

An. mediopunctatus

0/42 (0.0)

-

-

Subtotal

1/111 (0.9)

1/1 (100.0)

-

4

An. albitarsis

0/13 (0.0)

-

-

An. cruzii

0/4 (0.0)

-

-

An. strodei

0/1 (0.0)

-

-

An. triannulatus

0/5 (0.0)

-

-

Subtotal

0/23 (0.0)

-

-

5

An. cruzii

4/207 (1.9)

1/4 (25.0)

P. vivax

An. cruzii

18/207 (8.7)

15/18 (83.0)

P. falciparum

Subtotal

22/207 (10.6)

16/22 (72.7)

-

 

Total P. vivax

4/480 (0.8)

1/4 (25.0)

 
 

Total P. falciparum

21/480 (4.4)

16/21 (76.2)

 
 

Total

25/480 (5.2)

17/25 (68.0)

 
  1. aMorphological identification of the specimens tested positive for Plasmodium was confirmed by DNA COI barcode sequences.
  2. b Plasmodium species identified in Anopheles mosquitoes by real-time PCR and/or conventional PCR plus DNA sequencing with species-specific primers [21].