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Table 1 Descriptive statistics for 12 sub-Saharan African countries in 2010-2012

From: Effect of diagnostic testing on medicines used by febrile children less than five years in 12 malaria-endemic African countries: a mixed-methods study

Survey

 

n Febrile under-fives taken to any care a

% receiving a diagnostic test b (95% CI)

% receiving any anti-malarial drug c (95% CI)

% receiving ACT d (95% CI)

% receiving any antibiotic drug e (95% CI)

Year of national policy change f

Benin DHS 2011-2012

Total

620

20.0 (16.1-24.0)

48.0 (43.2-52.9)

17.5 (14.0-21.0)

28.6 (24.5-32.6)

2011

 

Tested

124

-

59.9 (48.3-71.5)

22.1 (14.0-30.3)

30.8 (21.3-40.2)

 
 

Not tested

492

-

44.8 (39.8-49.7)

16.0 (12.3-19.7)

27.9 (23.2-32.5)

 

Burkina Faso DHS 2010-2011

Total

1,823

7.7 (6.1-9.2)

48.0 (44.8-51.1)

12.5 (10.6-14.4)

44.0 (40.9-47.1)

2009

 

Tested

140

-

61.1 (51.9-70.3)

16.9 (10.5-23.3)

44.2 (35.0-53.4)

 
 

Not tested

1,671

-

46.8 (43.6-50.1)

12.1 (10.1-14.1)

43.8 (40.6-47.0)

 

Burundi DHS 2010-2011

Total

1,432

36.9 (33.4-40.4)

25.9 (22.8-29.0)

18.0 (15.2-20.9)

54.6 (50.7-58.5)

2007

 

Tested

528

-

38.3 (32.5-44.0)

24.9 (19.3-30.6)

48.8 (42.7-54.9)

 
 

Not tested

895

-

18.8 (15.7-21.9)

14.1 (11.1-17.0)

58.1 (53.9-62.2)

 

Cote d’Ivoire DHS 2011-2012

Total

965

13.6 (10.7-16.4)

22.7 (18.8-26.7)

3.3 (1.7-4.9)

34.6 (30.3-38.9)

-

 

Tested

131

-

42.4 (32.1-52.7)

9.2 (3.3-15.1)

45.9 (35.9-56.0)

 
 

Not tested

821

-

19.2 (15.3-23.2)

2.4 (0.7-4.1)

33.0 (28.4-37.6)

 

Gabon DHS 2012

Total

738

16.8 (11.3-22.3)

26.2 (20.0-32.4)

10.6 (6.9-14.4)

59.0 (51.5-66.5)

2009

 

Tested

124

-

32.9 (20.5-45.3)

8.6 (3.6-13.5)

51.2 (37.6-64.8)

 
 

Not tested

596

-

25.0 (17.6-32.3)

10.8 (5.9-15.6)

60.9 (53.2-68.6)

 

Guinea DHS 2012

Total

931

12.7 (9.8-15.6)

44.3 (39.9-48.7)

2.2 (1.0-3.4)

40.6 (35.9-45.2)

2010

 

Tested

118

-

53.0 (40.9-65.0)

4.1 (0.7-7.5)

54.6 (43.7-65.4)

 
 

Not tested

808

-

43.0 (38.4-47.7)

1.9 (0.6-3.2)

38.3 (33.5-43.1)

 

Malawi DHS 2010

Total

4,337

21.4 (19.2-23.6)

55.0 (52.5-57.4)

46.5 (44.0-49.1)

29.6 (27.6-31.7)

2011

 

Tested

928

-

64.2 (59.1-69.3)

50.6 (45.3-55.9)

33.8 (29.2-38.5)

 
 

Not tested

3,363

-

52.6 (50.1-55.1)

45.6 (43.0-48.1)

28.5 (26.3-30.7)

 

Mozambique DHS 2011

Total

888

43.4 (38.8-48.1)

41.8 (37.1-46.5)

25.3 (20.7-29.9)

12.0 (9.6-14.5)

2009

 

Tested

386

-

55.5 (48.9-62.0)

39.7 (32.5-46.9)

12.8 (9.0-16.6)

 
 

Not tested

502

-

31.3 (25.9-36.8)

14.3 (10.2-18.3)

11.4 (8.0-14.8)

 

Rwanda DHS 2010-2011

Total

657

36.6 (32.6-40.6)

20.4 (17.3-23.5)

19.6 (16.5-22.7)

49.1 (45.0-53.2)

2009

 

Tested

240

-

20.4 (15.5-25.3)

19.9 (15.1-24.7)

65.4 (59.2-71.6)

 
 

Not tested

413

-

20.6 (16.5-24.7)

19.6 (15.6-23.6)

39.5 (34.4-44.5)

 

Senegal DHS 2010-2011

Total

1,275

14.9 (11.9-17.9)

14.1 (10.5-17.7)

5.5 (3.1-8.0)

43.0 (37.6-48.3)

2007

 

Tested

190

-

20.4 (11.2-29.6)

8.8 (3.6-13.9)

51.9 (40.1-63.6)

 
 

Not tested

1,078

-

13.0 (9.4-16.7)

4.9 (2.3-7.6)

41.5 (36.2-46.8)

 

Uganda DHS 2011

Total

2,440

28.6 (25.5-31.6)

69.9 (67.0-72.7)

47.5 (43.8-51.1)

35.3 (32.3-38.2)

1997

 

Tested

697

-

76.4 (71.9-80.8)

52.7 (47.2-58.1)

40.9 (35.4-46.5)

 
 

Not tested

1,726

-

67.6 (64.1-71.1)

45.5 (41.3-49.7)

33.1 (29.7-36.5)

 

Zimbabwe DHS 2010-2011

Total

217

12.6 (7.8-17.5)

5.0 (1.3-8.7)

2.6 (0.2-5.0)

38.8 (31.9-45.8)

2008

 

Tested

27

-

20.5 (3.8-37.1)

10.9 (−2.0-23.8)

30.2 (12.1-48.3)

 
 

Not tested

189

-

2.8 (0.3-5.2)

1.4 (−0.6-3.5)

40.1 (32.7-47.5)

 
  1. National point estimates were tabulated using sample weights pre-specified in datasets. Standard error estimation accounted for data clustering in survey designs.
  2. aChildren under five years old reportedly having fever in the two weeks prior to the interview and taken to any source of care.
  3. bChildren under five years old with fever in the previous two weeks taken to any care and reportedly receiving a finger or heel stick for testing.
  4. cChildren under five years old with fever in the previous two weeks taken to any care and reportedly receiving any anti-malarial drug of any type.
  5. dChildren under five years old with fever in the previous two weeks taken to any care and reportedly receiving ACT.
  6. eChildren under five years old with fever in the previous two weeks taken to any care and reportedly receiving any antibiotic drug of any type.
  7. f[60] Refers to year national policy changed to recommend parasitological diagnosis in patients of all ages prior to treatment.
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Malaria Journal

ISSN: 1475-2875

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