From: Plasmodium transmission blocking activities of Vernonia amygdalina extracts and isolated compounds
Test agents | Experimenta | Mean ESS counts (95% CI)b | Percentage inhibition of ESS (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|
Fraction-2 | 1 | 27 (17–37) | 0.7 (0–38.2) |
3 | 80 (70–90) | 16.0 (5.7–26.4) | |
4 | 221 (159–281) | 0 (0–27.5) | |
Fraction-3 | 1 | 27 (20–33) | 2.0 (0–25.6) |
3 | 93 (77–109) | 2.8 (0–19.8) | |
4 | 186 (128–245) | 14.9 (0–41.7) | |
Fraction-5 | 1 | 29 (25–33) | 0.0 (0–6.8) |
3 | 40 (25–56) | 57.8 (42.0–73.7) | |
4 | 215 (149–281) | 1.8 (0–32.1) | |
Fraction-7 | 1 | 23 (13–33) | 15.4 (0–51.0) |
3 | 98 (84–113) | 0 (0–12.2) | |
4 | 224 (211–238) | 0 (0–3.7) | |
Fraction-9 | 1 | 31 (19–42) | 0.0 (0–29.7) |
3 | 57 (51–63) | 40.4 (34.2–46.7) | |
4 | 195 (160–229) | 11.1 (0–26.8) | |
Fraction-10 | 1 | 19 (10–27) | 31.4 (0–63.7) |
2 | 6 (4–8) | 56.1 (26.2–86.0) | |
3 | 71 (57–84) | 26.3 (12.5–40.1) | |
4 | 187 (161–213) | 14.8 (3.0–26.6) | |
Fraction-11 | 1 | 1 (0–2) | 96.3 (92.2–100) |
2 | 0 | 100 | |
3 | 0 (0–1) | 99.7 (99–100) | |
4 | 1 (0–1) | 99.7 (99.4–100) | |
5 | 0 | 100 | |
Fraction-12 | 1 | 0 | 100 |
2 | 1 (0–2) | 95.1 (85.6–100) | |
3 | 0 (0–1) | 99.7 (99–100) | |
4 | 1 (0–2) | 99.7 (99.1–100) | |
5 | 0 (0–1) | 99.8 (99.3–100) | |
Fraction-13 | 1 | 0 | 100 |
2 | 0 (0–1) | 97.6 (92.8–100) | |
3 | 0 | 100 | |
4 | 0 (0–1) | 99.8 (99.5–100) | |
5 | 1 (0–2) | 99.5 (98.5–100) | |
Fraction-14 | 1 | 0 | 100 |
2 | 1 (0–2) | 92.7 (84.4–100) | |
3 | 0 | 100 | |
4 | 0 | 100 | |
5 | 0 | 100 | |
Solvent control (0.2% DMSO) | 1 | 27 (22–33) |  |
2 | 14 (9–19) |  | |
3 | 96 (85–106) |  | |
4 | 219 (198–240) |  | |
5 | 135 (111–158) |  |