Genetic determinants of anti-malarial acquired immunity in a large multi-centre study

Malaria Journal

Table 3 Results of linear regression analysis investigating the effect of age, gender and malaria status as determined by microscopy^b on logged antibody levels to AMA1, MSP1, MSP2, NANP and IgE

Factor	Anti-AMA1 levels (n = 10,137)		Anti-MSP1 levels (n = 10,200)		Anti-MSP2 levels (n = 10,283)		Anti-NANP levels (n = 5,531)^a		Total IgE levels (n = 4,961)^a
Factor	Beta (95 % CI)	p-value	Beta (95 % CI)	p-value	Beta (95 % CI)	p-value	Beta (95 % CI)	p-value	Beta (95 % CI)	p-value
Age (years)
<1	0		0		0		0		0
1–2	0.04 (−0.09 to 0.17)	0.576	−0.10 (−0.22 to 0.01)	0.083	0.16 (0.05 to 0.28)	0.006	0.30 (0.04 to 0.55)	0.023	0.09 (−0.17 to 0.35)	0.508
2–5	0.25 (0.15 to 0.35)	<0.001	0.08 (−0.01 to 0.17)	0.087	0.29 (0.20 to 0.38)	<0.001	0.50 (0.30 to 0.71)	<0.001	0.09 (−0.12 to 0.30)	0.398
5–15	0.57 (0.47 to 0.67)	<0.001	0.37 (0.28 to 0.45)	<0.001	0.61 (0.52 to 0.69)	<0.001	0.87 (0.67 to 1.07)	<0.001	0.19 (−0.01 to 0.40)	0.066
15–30	0.55 (0.46 to 0.65)	<0.001	0.65 (0.57 to 0.74)	<0.001	0.72 (0.63 to 0.81)	<0.001	1.43 (1.23 to 1.63)	<0.001	0.22 (0.02 to 0.43)	0.034
>30	0.53 (0.43 to 0.63)	<0.001	0.81 (0.72 to 0.90)	<0.001	0.72 (0.63 to 0.81)	<0.001	1.61 (1.40 to 1.81)	<0.001	0.14 (−0.07 to 0.35)	0.179
Gender
Female	0		0		0		0		0
Male	−0.03 (−0.07 to 0)	0.058	−0.08 (−0.11 to −0.05)	<0.001	−0.05 (−0.07 to −0.02)	0.002	−0.07 (−0.11 to −0.03)	0.004	0.12 (0.09 to 0.16)	<0.001
Microscopy result
Negative	0		0		0		0		0
Positive	0.17 (0.13 to 0.22)	<0.001	0.15 (0.11 to 0.19)	<0.001	0.21 (0.18 to 0.25)	<0.001	−0.03 (−0.08 to −0.02)	0.263	0.06 (0.01 to 0.11)	0.021

Results shown as betas, which indicate the direction of effect of the clinical covariate on antibody levels. Beta < 0 indicate a decrease in antibody levels and beta > 0 indicate an increase in antibody levels. 95 % confidence intervals that do not span 0 indicate an effect that is significant at p = 0.05.
NB: CI confidence interval; results significant at 0.05 level are highlighted in italics.
^aData not available for Tanzania (Moshi).
^b Also adjusted for village (>20), ethnicity (>20), sample month (>20) and study; results not shown but ANOVA p-values were <0.001 for all antibodies.

ISSN: 1475-2875