Ethical issue | Biomedical | Drug trial | Laboratory | Epidemiology | p value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 19 | n = 15 | n = 28 | n = 52 | ||||||
n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | ||
Rationale and significance | |||||||||
 Research question | 6 | 31.6 | 2 | 13.3 | 1 | 3.6 | 5 | 9.6 | 0.03 |
 Objectives | 5 | 26.3 | 6 | 40.0 | 6 | 21.4 | 3 | 5.8 | 0.01 |
Study design | |||||||||
 Study schedule and activities | 7 | 36.8 | 9 | 60.0 | 10 | 35.7 | 8 | 15.4 | 0.01 |
 Risk–benefit balance | 13 | 68.4 | 10 | 66.7 | 12 | 42.9 | 7 | 13.5 | <0.01 |
Study participants | |||||||||
 Inclusion/exclusion criteria | 11 | 57.9 | 11 | 73.3 | 20 | 71.4 | 17 | 32.7 | <0.01 |
 Sample size | 11 | 57.9 | 6 | 40.0 | 7 | 25.0 | 6 | 11.5 | <0.01 |
 Recruitment | 5 | 26.3 | 5 | 33.3 | 13 | 46.4 | 8 | 15.4 | 0.03 |
 Compensation | 6 | 31.6 | 10 | 66.7 | 7 | 25.0 | 3 | 5.8 | <0.01 |
Informed consent process | |||||||||
 Participation information sheet | 17 | 89.5 | 14 | 93.3 | 21 | 75.0 | 12 | 23.1 | <0.01 |
 Informed consent form | 13 | 68.4 | 14 | 93.3 | 21 | 75.0 | 9 | 17.3 | <0.01 |
 Privacy and confidentiality | 2 | 10.5 | 1 | 6.7 | 10 | 35.7 | 14 | 26.9 | 0.08 |
Data collection and analysis | |||||||||
 Specimen/data collection | 15 | 79.0 | 14 | 93.3 | 17 | 60.7 | 23 | 44.2 | <0.01 |
 Case record form | 4 | 21.1 | 1 | 6.7 | 4 | 14.3 | 10 | 19.2 | 0.64 |
 Data analysis | 1 | 5.3 | 5 | 33.3 | 4 | 14.3 | 5 | 9.6 | 0.07 |
Facility and support | |||||||||
 Study site/location | 3 | 15.8 | 1 | 6.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.01 |
 Budgeting | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 6.7 | 1 | 3.6 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.27 |
 Other supporting documents | 2 | 10.5 | 4 | 26.7 | 5 | 17.9 | 6 | 11.5 | 0.46 |